Non-perturbative solution of matrix models modified by trace-squared terms

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Abstract: We present a non-perturbative solution of large N matrix models modified by terms of the form g(TrPhi4)2, which add microscopic wormholes to the random surface geometry. For g<gt the sum over surfaces is in the same universality class as the g=0 theory, and the string susceptibility exponent is reproduced by the conventional Liouville interaction simealpha+phi. For g=gt we find a different universality class, and the string susceptibility exponent agrees for any genus with Liouville theory where the interaction term is dressed by the other branch, ealphaphi. This allows us to define a double-scaling limit of the g=gt theory. We also consider matrix models modified by terms of the form gO2, where O is a scaling operator. A fine-tuning of g produces a change in this operator's gravitational dimension which is, again, in accord with the change in the branch of the Liouville dressing.




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