Noncommutative structures
The algebras of continuous (smooth, analytic, algebraic) functions on a topological space (smooth, analytic, algebraic manifold) provide an effective tool for studying the topology and geometry of the space. The Gelfand's fundamental theorem on abelian \(C^*\)-algebras shows that the study of unital commutative \(C^*\)-algebras is the same as the study of compact Hausdorff spaces. Attempts to replace in this context commutative algebras by noncommutative ones led to the creation of the noncommutative geometry [\textit{A. Connes}, Noncommutative Geometry, Academic Press, San Diego (1994; Zbl 0818.46076)]. The author proposes a method for constructing noncommutative analogs of objects from classical calculus, differential geometry, topology, dynamical systems, etc. The standard commutative objects can be obtained from noncommutative ones by natural projections. The approach is ideologically close to the noncommutative geometry of A. Connes but differs from it in technical details. The author deals with noncommutative analogs of several important geometric objects. According to the construction there are canonical \textit{averaging} homomorphisms of noncommutative algebras to their commutative counterparts. In addition to averaging homomorphisms, the constructions have another important feature: compatibility conditions, which are needed to extend objects (germs of functions, vector fields, forms, etc.) to domains in \(\mathbb{R}^m\) and then to manifolds. From a geometric viewpoint, the compatibility conditions are flat connections on certain vector bundles.
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