Nonlinear diffusion and image contour enhancement

DOI10.4171/IFB/90MaRDI QIDQ1430452zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors G. I. Barenblatt, Juan Luis Vázquez

Publication date 27 May 2004

Published in Interfaces and Free Boundaries (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0302349

zbMATH Keywords

contour enhancement in image processingdegenerate parabolic equationssingular solutions

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Nonlinear parabolic equations (35K55) Degenerate parabolic equations (35K65) Free boundary problems for PDEs (35R35) Image processing (compression, reconstruction, etc.) in information and communication theory (94A08)

Abstract: The theory of degenerate parabolic equations of the forms [ u_t=(Phi(u_x))_{x} quad { m and} quad v_{t}=(Phi(v))_{xx} ] is used to analyze the process of contour enhancement in image processing, based on the evolution model of Sethian and Malladi. The problem is studied in the framework of nonlinear diffusion equations. It turns out that the standard initial-value problem solved in this theory does not fit the present application since it it does not produce image concentration. Due to the degenerate character of the diffusivity at high gradient values, a new free boundary problem with singular boundary data can be introduced, and it can be solved by means of a non-trivial problem transformation. The asymptotic convergence to a sharp contour is established and rates calculated.

Review text

The paper is devoted to the behavior of the solutions of some nonlinear degenerate parabolic equations with moving boundaries. These equations appear in describing the technique of contour enhancement in image processing. The unknown function is the image intensity. The nonlinearity is created by the law relating the image intensity flux to the image intensity. For a suitable choice of this nonlinearity there appears an effect of enhancement of image edges [see \textit{P. Perona} and \textit{J. Malik}, Scale space and edge detection using anisotropic diffusion. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Machine Intelligence 12, 629--639 (1990)]. In the paper the authors establish the well-posedness of a free-boundary problem that represents the model for image contour enhancement. The asymptotic behavior and its rates are studied. The results apply to a large class of nonlinear degenerate parabolic equations. The solutions are classified. The results are illustrated by some numerical experiments.

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• The Cauchy problem for the fast \(p\)-Laplacian evolution equation. Characterization of the global Harnack principle and fine asymptotic behaviour
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