The Cauchy problem for the fast p-Laplacian evolution equation. Characterization of the global Harnack principle and fine asymptotic behaviour

DOI10.1016/J.MATPUR.2022.05.002zbMATH Open1492.35035arXiv2103.03312OpenAlexW3135454502WikidataQ114148568 ScholiaQ114148568MaRDI QIDQ2145831FDOQ2145831

Authors: Matteo Bonforte, Nikita Simonov, Diana Stan 

Publication date: 15 June 2022

Published in: Journal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées. Neuvième Série (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We study fine global properties of nonnegative solutions to the Cauchy Problem for the fast $p$-Laplacian evolution equation $u_t=Delt{a}_{p}u$ on the whole Euclidean space, in the so-called "good fast diffusion range" $frac2NN+1<p<2$. It is well-known that non-negative solutions behave for large times as $mathcalB$, the Barenblatt (or fundamental) solution, which has an explicit expression. We prove the so-called Global Harnack Principle (GHP), that is, precise global pointwise upper and lower estimates of nonnegative solutions in terms of $mathcalB$. This can be considered the nonlinear counterpart of the celebrated Gaussian estimates for the linear heat equation. We characterize the maximal (hence optimal) class of initial data such that the GHP holds, by means of an integral tail condition, easy to check. The GHP is then used as a tool to analyze the fine asymptotic behavior for large times. For initial data that satisfy the same integral condition, we prove that the corresponding solutions behave like the Barenblatt with the same mass, uniformly in relative error. When the integral tail condition is not satisfied we show that both the GHP and the uniform convergence in relative error, do not hold anymore, and we provide also explicit counterexamples. We then prove a "generalized GHP", that is, pointwise upper and lower bounds in terms of explicit profiles with a tail different from $mathcalB$. Finally, we derive sharp global quantitative upper bounds of the modulus of the gradient of the solution, and, when data are radially decreasing, we show uniform convergence in relative error for the gradients. To the best of our knowledge, analogous issues for the linear heat equation $p=2$, do not possess such clear answers, only partial results are known.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.03312

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zbMATH Keywords

Barenblatt solutionfast diffusion\(p\)-Laplacian equationparabolic Harnack inequalitiesglobal Harnack principlegradient decay estimatesuniform convergence in relative error

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Asymptotic behavior of solutions to PDEs (35B40) A priori estimates in context of PDEs (35B45) Self-similar solutions to PDEs (35C06) Initial value problems for second-order parabolic equations (35K15) Singular parabolic equations (35K67) Quasilinear parabolic equations with (p)-Laplacian (35K92)

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Cited In (7)

• Anisotropic \(p\)-Laplacian evolution of fast diffusion type
• The very singular solution for the anisotropic fast diffusion equation and its consequences
• Local smoothing effects, positivity, and Harnack inequalities for the fast \(p\)-Laplacian equation
• Fractional Burgers equation with singular initial condition
• Asymptotic estimates for the \(p\)-Laplacian on infinite graphs with decaying initial data
• Fine properties of solutions to the Cauchy problem for a fast diffusion equation with Caffarelli-Kohn-Nirenberg weights
• Functional inequalities and applications to doubly nonlinear diffusion equations

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