Note on Fourier inequalities

DOI10.1016/J.NA.2025.113896MaRDI QIDQ6921274zbMATH OpenFDO

Publication date 6 October 2025

Published in Nonlinear Analysis. Theory, Methods \& Applications. Series A: Theory and Methods (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1016/J.NA.2025.113896

zbMATH Keywords

Fourier transform Hardy-Littlewood type theorem variable Lebesgue space weighted Fourier inequalities

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Inequalities involving derivatives and differential and integral operators (26D10) Fourier and Fourier-Stieltjes transforms and other transforms of Fourier type (42B10) Spaces of measurable functions ((L^p)-spaces, Orlicz spaces, Köthe function spaces, Lorentz spaces, rearrangement invariant spaces, ideal spaces, etc.) (46E30)

Review text

In this paper, the authors aim to obtain an analogue of the classical Hausdorff-Young inequality, \N\(\|\hat{f}\|_{p^\prime}\leq\|f\|_p\), where \(\ p^{\prime}\) is the conjugate exponent for \( p\)\Nfor variable Lebesgue spaces. For this aim, they set \N\[\rho_p(f)=\int_{\mathbb{R}}|f(x)|^{p(x)}dx\,, \]\Nwhere \(f\) and \(p\) are measurable functions, and define \N\[\|f\|_{\rho(.)}=\inf\left\{\lambda>0\ :\ \rho_p\left(f/\lambda\right)\leq1\right\}. \]\NA natural extension of the classical Hausdorff-Young inequality is \N\[\|\hat{f}\|_{p^\prime(.)}\leq C\|f\|_{p(.)}\quad\text{where}\ \frac{1}{p(.)}+\frac{1}{p^{\prime}(.)}=1 . \]\NThe authors start, under certain conditions, from the inequality \N\[\exists C>0,\ \ \forall f\in L_{p(.)}\,,\ \ \|\hat{f}\|_{q(.)}\leq C\|f\|_{p(.)}\quad\text{with}\ \ q(x)=p^\prime(1/x), \]\N\(p(.)\) being an even and non-decreasing function on \(\mathbb{R}_+\) such that \N\[1\leq \mathop{\operatorname{inf\,ess}}_{x\in\mathbb{R}}p(x)\leq \mathop{\operatorname{sup\,ess}}_{x\in\mathbb{R}}p(x)\leq2.\]\NIf \(p\) is continuous on \(\mathbb{R}_+\) such that \(\lim_{p\rightarrow\infty}p(x)=p_0\leq2\), under certain conditions, they prove that if the above-mentioned inequality holds for any Schwarz function \(f\), then \(p(x)\leq p_0\leq q^\prime(x)\).\\\NFurthermore, the authors obtain an analogue of the classical Hardy-Littlewood inequality in the variable exponent setting. Specifically, they establish the following result:\N\NFor \(n\in\mathbb{N}\) and \(p(.)\geq1\) a radial function such that \(p_0(.)\geq1\) is decreasing and bounded at the origin. The inequality \N\[\int_{\mathbb{R}^n}|\hat{f}(\xi)|^{p(\xi)}|\xi|^{n(p(\xi)-2)}\nu(1/|\xi|)d\xi\leq\int_{\mathbb{R}^n}|f(x)|^{p(1/|x|)}\nu(|x|)dx \]\Nholds for any radial non-negative function \(f\) such that \(f_0(x)x^{n-1}\) is non-increasing with \(\lim_{x\rightarrow0}f_0(x)x^{n-1}\leq1\) if and only if, for any positive real \(r\), \N\[\int_{|x|\geq r}r^{p(1/|x|)}|x|^{-np(1/|x|)}\nu(|x|)dx\leq\int_{|x|\leq r}\nu(|x|)|x|^{(1-n)p(1/|x|)}dx\,.\]\NIn the last section of the paper, the authors characterize weighted Fourier inequalities in the classical \(L_p\) spaces for radial and decreasing functions. They establish that the inequality \N\[\int_{\mathbb{R}^n}|\hat{f}(\xi)|^p|\xi|^{n(p-2)}\nu(1/|\xi|)d\xi\leq\int_{\mathbb{R}^n}|f(x)|^p\nu(|x|)dx\]\Nhols, for any radial non-negative function \(f\) such that \(f_0(x)x^n\) is non-increasing with limit zero, if and only if, for any positive real \(r\), \N\[r^{p(n-\alpha)}\int_{|x|\geq r}|x|^{-np}\nu(|x|)dx\leq\int_{|x|\leq r}\nu(x)|x|^{-np}dx\,,\]\Nwhere \(\frac{n-1}{2}\leq\alpha\leq n-1\).

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