On Simultaneous Diagonal Inequalities

Let \(F_1,\dots,F_t\) be diagonal forms with real coefficients, and let \(\tau\) be a positive real number. The solubility of the system of inequalities \[ \bigl|F_1(x)\bigr |< \tau,\dots, \bigl|F_t(x)\bigr |<\tau \] in integer \(x_1,\dots,x_s\) has been considered by Cook, Pitman, Brüdern and others in the case when \(F_1,\dots,F_t\) all have the same degree. Motivated by recent work of \textit{T. D. Wooley} [J. Reine Angew. Math. 419, 141-198 (1991; Zbl 0721.11011)] on simultaneous additive equations, we begin to investigate the situation in which the forms do not all have the same degree. Specifically, let \(\lambda_1,\dots,\lambda_s\) and \(\mu_1, \dots,\mu_s\) be real numbers such that for each \(i\) either \(\lambda_i\) or \(\mu_i\) is nonzero, and define the forms \[ F(x)= \lambda_1 x_1^3+ \cdots+ \lambda_s x_s^3\quad \text{and} \quad G(x)=\mu_1 x_1^2+ \cdots+ \mu_sx_s^2. \] Further suppose that for some \(i\) and \(j\) the numbers \(\lambda_i/ \lambda_j\) and \(\mu_i/\mu_j\) are algebraic and irrational. We show that, whenever \(s\geq 13\), the system \[ \bigl|F(x)\bigr |< \bigl(\max |x_i|\bigr)^{-\sigma_1}, \quad\bigl|G(x)\bigr|<\bigl(\max |x_i|\bigr)^{-\sigma_2} \] has infinitely many solutions in rational integers provided that (a) \(F(x)\) has at least \(s-4\) variables explicit, (b) \(G(x)\) has at least \(s-5\) variables explicit, (c) the simultaneous equations \(F(x)=G(x)=0\) have a non-singular real solution, and (d) one has \(\sigma_1+ \sigma_2<{1\over 12}\). The proof uses a two-dimensional version of the Davenport-Heilbronn method and in fact shows that the number \(\Theta\) of solutions of the above system with \(x\in [1,P]^s\), satisfies \(\Theta\gg P^{s-5- \sigma_1-\sigma_2}\). The essential tools are a result of \textit{R. Baker} [Diophantine inequalities. London Math. Soc. Monographs. New Series, 1. Oxford (1986; Zbl 0592.10029)] on diophantine approximation and an estimate of \textit{T. D. Wooley} [Mathematika 45, 319-335 (1998)] for the 10th moment of a certain exponential sum over smooth numbers.

Recommendations

Cited in

(10)

This page was built for publication: On Simultaneous Diagonal Inequalities

Report a bug (only for logged in users!)Click here to report a bug for this page (MaRDI item Q4487513)