On a theorem of Stelzer for some classes of mixed groups

Mixed groups (20K21) Direct sums, direct products, etc. for abelian groups (20K25) Automorphisms, homomorphisms, endomorphisms, etc. for abelian groups (20K30)

Abstract: We identify some classes

m a t h c a l C

of mixed groups such that if

G i n m a t h c a l C

has the cancellation property then the Walk-endomorphism ring of

G

has the unit lifting property. In particular, if

G

is a self-small group of torsion-free rank at most

4

with the cancellation property then it has a decomposition

G = F o p l u s H

such that

F

is free and the Walk-endomorphism ring of

H

has the unit lifting property.

Review text

In this paper, a ring \(R\) is said to have the \textit{unit lifting property} if for every positive integer \(n\) all units of \(R/nR\) can be lifted to units of \(R\). A group \(G\) has the \textit{cancellation property} if whenever \(H\) and \(K\) are groups such that \(G\oplus H\cong G\oplus K\) it follows that \(H\cong K\). An important question is to find classes of groups which have the cancellation property and these can be characterized by using some properties of endomorphism rings. Such a result was provided by \textit{J. Stelzer} [Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 94, 363--368 (1985; Zbl 0569.20042)]: if \(G\) is a reduced torsion-free group of finite rank without free direct summands there exists a torsion-free group \(H\) such that (i) \( \Hom(H,G)=0=\Hom(G,H)\), (ii) \(\mathrm{End}(H)\cong \mathbb{Z}\), and (iii) for every positive integer \(n\) there is an epimorphism \(H\rightarrow G/nG\). Using a result of L. Fuchs, if \(G\) satisfies these 3 properties and has the cancellation property, the unit lifting property follows. The main goal of this paper is to prove that a version of Stelzer's result [loc. cit,], that uses the Walk-endomorphism ring instead of the classical endomorphism ring, is valid for some classes of mixed groups. In particular, this holds for self-small groups of torsion-free rank at most 4. A result from a previous paper of the author [Rend. Semin. Mat. Univ. Padova 144, 61--71 (2020; Zbl 07367408)] is used: Proposition 2.4. Suppose that \(G\) is an infinite self-small group of finite torsion-free rank, and that for every positive integer \(n\) there exists a torsion-free group \(H\) such that the pair \((G,H)\) has the following properties (I) \(\Hom(G,H)=0\), \(\Hom(H,G)\) is a torsion group, and (II)\(_{n}\) there exists a rigid epimorphism \(\alpha :H\rightarrow G(n)/nG(n)\) . If \(G\) has the cancellation property then the Walk-endomorphism ring \( \mathrm{End}_{\mathrm{Walk}}(G)=\mathrm{End}(G)/\Hom(G,T(G))\) has the unit lifting property. In the paper, classes of groups that verify the hypothesis of Proposition 2.4 are studied with respect to the ``cancellation property implies the ``unit lifting property in the Walk-endomorphism ring. Let \(S^{\ast }\) be the class of reduced infinite self-small groups of finite torsion-free rank without free direct summands. The following cases are discussed: the finite rank torsion-free case, the case \(G/T(G)\) is reduced, \(G\in S^{\ast }\) is quotient-divisible, the divisible part of \(G/T(G)\) has rank 1. In the last section, the groups \(G\in S^{\ast }\) that satisfy the mixed version of Stelzer's theorem [loc. cit.], i.e., if \(G\) has the cancellation property then \(\mathrm{End}_{\mathrm{Walk}}(G)\) has the unit lifting property, are determined.

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