On octonionic harmonic projection operators
Consider \(\mathbb{F}\) as either \(\mathbb{R}\) (real numbers), \(\mathbb{C}\) (complex numbers), \(\mathbb{H}\) (quaternions) or \(\mathbb{O}\) (octonions) and let \(d=\dim_\mathbb{R}\mathbb{F}\).\N\NThe author studies the norm of harmonic projection operators, considered as operators from \(L_p(S^{dn-1})\) onto \(L^2(S^{dn-1})\), for \(1 \leq p \leq 2\) and \(d \in \{1, 2, 4, 8\}\).\N\NIf \(KAN\) is the Iwasawa decomposition of, respectively, \(G=\mathbf{SO}(n,1)\) (\(d=1\)), \(G=\mathbf{SU}(n,1)\) (\(d=2\)), \(G=\mathbf{Sp}(n,1)\) (\(d=4\)) or \(G=F_{4(-20)}\) (\(n=2\) and \(d=8\)), \(M\) is the centralizer of \(A\) in \(K\) then \N\[\NL^2(S^{d\,n-1})\equiv L^2(K/M)=\bigoplus_{\tau\in\hat{K}_M}\,V^\tau \N\]\N where \(\hat{K}_M\) is the set or irreducible class one representations of \(K\) (the representations such that \(\{v\in V^\tau\colon \tau(m)\,v=v\) \(\forall m\in M\}\) is one-dimensional). Now, consider the projection \(\pi_\tau\colon L^2(S^{d\,n-1})\to V^\tau\) with \(\tau\in \hat{K}_M\). The degree of \(\tau\) is (\(\ell,\ell')\in\mathbb{N}^2\) (when \(d=1\), the degree is \(\ell\in\mathbb{N}\); we set \(\ell'=\ell\)).\N\NThe author conjectures that for \(1\leq p\leq 2\), \N\[\N\|\pi_{\ell\ell'}\,f\|_2\leq C_{n,p}\,(1+\ell)^{\alpha(1/p,n)}\,\,(1+\ell')^{\beta(1/p,n)} \,(\ell-\ell'+1)^{\gamma(1/p,n)}\,\|f\|_p\N\]\Nwhere \(\alpha(1/p,n)\), \(\beta(1/p,n)\) and \(\gamma(1/p,n)\) are given explicitly and depend on \(p\), the dimension of the imaginary part of \(\mathbb{F}\) and \(n\).\N\NThe conjecture is known to be true in the real case [\textit{C.~D. Sogge}, Duke Math. J. 53, 43--65 (1986; Zbl 0636.42018)] and complex case (V.~Casarino, in a series of papers). Some partial results have been found in the quaternionic case (R.~Bramati, P.~Ciatti and V.~Casarino in [\textit{R.~Bramati} et al., C.~R., Math., Acad. Sci. Paris 356, No.~5, 482--488 (2018; Zbl 1458.46066)]). The author is concerned in this paper with the octonions.\N\NThe author proceeds with some useful background on the octonions and on the action of \(\mathrm{Spin}(9)\) on zonal harmonics \(\mathbb{Z}_{\ell,\ell'}\) with a description of the latter.\N\NThe main result of the paper is a bound for the in the octonions case akin to the bound in the conjecture on a diagonal strip adjacent to the diagonal \(\ell=\ell'\).\N\NFor the entire collection see [Zbl 1547.35009].
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