On operator-valued spherical functions

DOI10.1016/J.JFA.2004.11.006MaRDI QIDQ2484251zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 1 August 2005

Published in Journal of Functional Analysis (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfa.2004.11.006

cosine functional equation group representations locally compact abelian group spherical function transformation group unitary representation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Unitary representations of locally compact groups (22D10) Matrix and operator functional equations (39B42) Harmonic analysis and spherical functions (43A90) Operator sine and cosine functions and higher-order Cauchy problems (47D09)

Review text

The aim of the paper is to generalize the so-called cosine functional equation (or d'Alembert equation) \[ {f(x+y)+f(x-y)\over 2} = f(x)f(y) \] within the following setting. Let \((G,+)\) be an abelian topological group and let \(K\) be a compact transformation group acting on \(G\) by automorphisms of \(G\). Writing the action by \(k\in K\) on \(x\in G\) by \(k\cdot x\) and denoting by \(dk\) the normalized Haar measure on \(K\), a generalization of the cosine equation reads as \[ \int_K f(x+k\cdot y)dk = f(x)f(y),\qquad x,y\in G, \] where \(f\in C(G)\) is the unknown. The main result of the paper then reads as follows. Let \(G\) further satisfy the second axiom of countability and let \(H\) be a complex Hilbert space. Let \(\Phi:G\to B(X)\) be a weakly continuous solution of the cosine functional equation \[ \int_K \Phi(x+k\cdot y)dk = \Phi(x)\Phi(y),\qquad x,y\in G,\;\Phi(e)=I, \] where \(\Phi(x)\) is normal for every \(x\in G\) and \(\sup\{\| \Phi(x)\| \,:\, x\in G\}<\infty\). Then there exists a there exists a strongly continuous unitary representation \(U\) of \(G\) on \(H\) such that \( \Phi= \int_K k\cdot U dk. \) In particular, \(\Phi(x)^* = \Phi(x^{-1})\) and \(\Phi\) is strongly continuous. Furthermore, the author shows that, improving the conditions on \(G\) and the action of \(K\), the normality condition on \(\Phi\) can be dropped because there exists an equivalent inner product such that \(\Phi(x)\) will become a normal operator for every \(x\in G\).

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