scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1116772
The main result offered, containing the rest as corollaries, is the following. Let \(G\) be an abelian group and \(\mathcal N(H)\) the set of all normal operators on a Hilbert space \(H\). Then \(C: \, G\rightarrow \mathcal N(H)\) satisfies for all \(x,y\in G\) the cosine (d'Alembert) functional equation \(C(x+y)+C(x-y) = 2C(x)C(y)\) with \(C(0)=1\) if, and only if, there exists a homomorphism \(M\) of \(G\) into the multiplicative semigroup of \(\mathcal N(H)\) such that \(C(x)=(M(x)+M(-x))/2\) for all \(x\in G\). Next it is pointed out that the condition \(C(xyz)=C(yxz) \, (x,y,z \in G)\), often used for this (and other) functional equation(s) on noncommutative groups \(G\) just makes \(C\) constant on the cosets of the commutator group of \(G\), thus reducing this case to the commutative one. Finally, an extension of the result(s) to inner product spaces is offered by completion. For the entire collection see [Zbl 0882.00018].
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