On semigroups of endomorphisms of a chain with restricted range.

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Abstract: Let X be a finite or infinite chain and let O(X) be the monoid of all endomorphisms of X. In this paper, we describe the largest regular subsemigroup of O(X) and Green's relations on O(X). In fact, more generally, if Y is a nonempty subset of X and O(X,Y) the subsemigroup of O(X) of all elements with range contained in Y, we characterize the largest regular subsemigroup of O(X,Y) and Green's relations on O(X,Y). Moreover, for finite chains, we determine when two semigroups of the type O(X,Y) are isomorphic and calculate their ranks.


For a (possibly infinite) chain \(X\) and a non-empty subset \(Y\) of \(X\) the paper under review studies the semigroup \(O(X,Y)\) of all endomorphisms of \(X\) whose image is contained in \(Y\). The main result of the paper characterizes Green's relations for and characterizes the largest regular subsemigroup in \(O(X,Y)\). For finite chains the authors also classify semigroups \(O(X,Y)\) up to isomorphism and determine their rank.



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