On some subclasses of Nevanlinna functions
\(Q\)-functionsFriedrichs extensionintegral representationsmomentsNevanlinna functionsselfadjoint extensionsspectral measuressymmetric operators
Moment problems and interpolation problems in the complex plane (30E05) Banach spaces of continuous, differentiable or analytic functions (46E15) Dilations, extensions, compressions of linear operators (47A20) Perturbation theory of linear operators (47A55) Linear operator methods in interpolation, moment and extension problems (47A57) Hermitian and normal operators (spectral measures, functional calculus, etc.) (47B15) Linear symmetric and selfadjoint operators (unbounded) (47B25)
Summary: For any function \(Q= Q(\ell)\) belonging to the class \({\mathbf N}\) of Nevanlinna functions, the function \(Q_\tau= Q_\tau (\ell)\) defined by \(Q_\tau (\ell)= {{Q(\ell)- \tau (\text{Im } Q(\mu))^2} \over {\tau Q(\ell) +1}}\) belongs to \({\mathbf N}\) for all values of \(\tau\in \mathbb{R}\cup \{\infty \}\). The class \({\mathbf N}\) possesses subclasses \({\mathbf N}_0 \subset {\mathbf N}_1\), each defined by some additional asymptotic conditions. If a function \(Q\) belongs to such a subclass, then for all but one value of \(\tau\in \mathbb{R}\cup \{\infty \}\) the function \(Q_\tau\) belongs to the same subclass and the corresponding exceptional function can be characterized. In this note we introduce two subclasses \({\mathbf N}_{-2} \subset {\mathbf N}_{-1}\) of \({\mathbf N}_0\) which can be described in terms of the moments of the spectral measures in the associated integral representations. We characterize the corresponding exceptional function in a purely function-theoretic way by suitably estimating certain quadratic terms. The behaviour of the exceptional function connects the subclasses \({\mathbf N}_{-2}\) and \({\mathbf N}_{-1}\) to the classes \({\mathbf N}_0\) and \({\mathbf N}_1\), respectively, as studied in [\textit{H. Langer} and the authors, `Selfadjoint extensions for a class of symmetric operators with defect numbers \((1,1)\)', to appear]. In operator-theoretic terms these notions have a translation in terms of \(Q\)-functions of selfadjoint extensions of a symmetric operator with defect numbers \((1,1)\). In this sense the exceptional function has an interpretation in terms of a generalized Friedrichs extension of the symmetric operator.
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