On the structure of finitely generated modules and the unmixed degrees

Local cohomology and commutative rings (13D45) Special types (Cohen-Macaulay, Gorenstein, Buchsbaum, etc.) (13H10) Multiplicity theory and related topics (13H15)

Review text

Let \(R\) be a Noetherian local ring that is the homomorphic image of a Cohen-Macaulay local ring. For a \(d\)-dimensional finitely generated \(R\)-module \(M\), let \(0=\underset{{\mathfrak p}\in \text{Ass}_RM}\cap Q_{\mathfrak p}\) be a minimal primary decomposition of the zero submodule. The \textit{unmixed component} of \(M\) is defined by \N\[\NU_M(0)=\underset{{\mathfrak p}\in \text{Assh}_RM}\bigcap Q_{\mathfrak p},\N\]\Nwhere \(\text{Assh}_RM=\{{\mathfrak p}\in \text{Ass}_RM\mid \dim R/{\mathfrak p}=d\}\). Also, set \N\[\Nb(M)=\underset{\underline{x}, i\leq d}\bigcap \text{Ann}_R\left(\frac{\langle x_1, \dots, x_{i-1}\rangle M : x_i}{\langle x_1, \dots , x_{i-1}\rangle M}\right),\N\]\Nwhere \(\underline{x}=x_1, \dots, x_d\) ranges over all systems of parameters of \(M\).\N\NCohen-Macaulay modules are among the most fundamental objects in commutative algebra. There are various characterizations of these modules, one of which is given by the unmixedness theorem. It states that a \(d\)-dimensional finitely generated \(R\)-module \(M\) is Cohen-Macaulay if and only if for some (and hence for all) system of parameters \(x_1, \dots, x_d\) of \(M\) all the modules \(U_M(0), U_{M/x_1M}(0), \dots, U_{M/\langle x_1, \dots , x_{d-1}\rangle M}(0)\) are zero.\N\NThe main objective of this paper is to establish an improvement of the unmixedness theorem. To achieve this, the authors prove, as a key tool, the following splitting result for local cohomology:\N\N\textbf{Theorem:} Let \(M\) be a finitely generated \(R\)-module, \(I\) an ideal of \(R\), and \(x\) a parameter element of \(M\) contained in \(b(M)^3\). Then for each \(i<\dim_RM-\dim R/I-1 \), there is an isomorphism \N\[\NH_I^i(M/xM)\cong H_I^i(M)\oplus H_I^{i+1}(M/U_M(0)).\N\]

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