On the zeros of Krasner analytic functions

Galois theory (11S20) Other analytic theory (analogues of beta and gamma functions, (p)-adic integration, etc.) (11S80) Algebraic number theory: local fields (11S99)

Review text

Let \({\mathbb C}_p\) be the completion of the algebraic closure of the field of \(p\)-adic numbers and let \(G=\roman{Gal}(\bar{\mathbb Q}_p/ {\mathbb Q}_p)\). Set \({\mathbb P}^1({\mathbb C}_p)={\mathbb C}_p\cup \{ \infty\}\). The objective of this paper is the study of the set of zeros of Krasner analytic functions defined on \({\mathbb P}^1({\mathbb C}_p) \setminus X\) with values in \({\mathbb C}_p\), where \(X\) is a compact subset of \({\mathbb C}_p\). First it is shown that if \(f\) is such a function, any zero of \(f\) in \({\mathbb P}^1({\mathbb C}_p) \setminus X_{\varepsilon}\), where \(X_{\varepsilon}\) is an \(\varepsilon\)-neighborhood of \(X\), is a limit of zeros of rational functions which converge uniformly to \(f\). Furthermore, for such \(f\) vanishing at \(\infty\) and such that it is a uniform limit of rational functions \(f_n=\frac{g_n}{h_n}\) with \(\deg g_n \to \infty\), we have that for any \(\varepsilon > 0\), \(f_n\) has zeros in \(X_{\varepsilon}\) for \(n\) large enough. In the particular case that \(X\) is the orbit \(O(x)\) of the action of \(G\) on \({\mathbb C}_p\) of a transcendental element \(x\), for a class of Krasner analytic functions defined on \({\mathbb P}^1({\mathbb C}_p)\setminus O(x)\) with values in \({\mathbb C}_p\), all the elements of \(O(x)\) are limit points for the set of zeros of any sequence \(f_n\) that converges uniformly to \(f\). The main result of the paper is an alternative proof of a finiteness theorem for the number of zeros of a Krasner analytic function defined on \({\mathbb P}^1({\mathbb C}_p)\setminus X\) by using a result of \textit{L. Lipshitz} [J. Reine Angew. Math. 390, 208--214 (1988; Zbl 0653.12006)]. The proof of \textit{J. Fresnel} and \textit{M. van der Put} [Rigid analytic geometry and its applications. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser (2004; Zbl 1096.14014)] is for affinoid sets. First, it is shown that the set of zeros of \(f\) in \({\mathbb P}^1( {\mathbb C}_p)\setminus X_{\varepsilon}\) is finite. Next, the authors give a Weierstrass decomposition of a Krasner analytic function defined on the complement of a finite set. Finally, it is established a result related to the zeros of a Cauchy transform with respect to a \(G\)-equivariant probability Lipschitz distribution defined on the orbit of an element of \({\mathbb C}_p\). At the end, it is presented as an example the trace function of a Lipschitz element of \({\mathbb C}_p\).

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