One-sided James' compactness theorem

DOI10.1016/J.JMAA.2016.03.080MaRDI QIDQ313504zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors B. Cascales, José Orihuela, A. Pérez

Publication date 12 September 2016

Published in Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1508.00496

zbMATH Keywords

\((I)\)-generatedJames' compactness theoremweakly compact

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Compactness in topological linear spaces; angelic spaces, etc. (46A50) Compactness in Banach (or normed) spaces (46B50)

Abstract: We present some extensions of classical results that involve elements of the dual of Banach spaces, such as Bishop-Phelp's theorem and James' compactness theorem, but restricting to sets of functionals determined by geometrical properties. The main result, which answers a question posed by F. Delbaen, is the following: Let $E$ be a Banach space such that $(B_{E^{a}st},omeg{a}^{a}st)$ is convex block compact. Let $A$ and $B$ be bounded, closed and convex sets with distance $d(A,B)>0$. If every $x^{a}stin{E}^{a}st$ with [ sup(x^ast,B) < inf(x^ast,A) ] attains its infimum on $A$ and its supremum on $B$, then $A$ and $B$ are both weakly compact. We obtain new characterizations of weakly compact sets and reflexive spaces, as well as a result concerning a variational problem in dual Banach spaces.

Review text

Let \(E\) be a real Banach space, \(E^*\) its dual, \(A,B\) convex subsets of \(E\). It is known that in James' classical theorem (a bounded closed convex subset of \(E\) is weakly compact if all functionals in \(E^*\) attain their supremum on it) it is not always necessary to test the sup-attainment of all functionals. This point of view becomes apparent in the main result of the paper under review, a ``one-sided James-like theorem: Suppose that the dual unit ball of \(E\) is weak\(^*\) convex block compact (meaning that each bounded sequence in the dual admits weak\(^*\)-convergent convex blocks), that \(A\) and \(B\) are bounded closed and convex with strictly positive distance. If every \(x^*\in E^*\) such that NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\sup\langle x^*(B)\rangle<\inf\langle x^*(A)\rangleNEWLINE\]NEWLINE attains its infimum on \(A\) and its supremum on \(B\), then both \(A\) and \(B\) are weakly compact. (The theorem answers a question of Delbaen concerning the case \(E=L^1\) on a probability space and \(B=\{0\}\). The term ``one-sided refers to the fact that in the theorem only those \(x^*\)'s intervene that separate \(A\) and \(B\), so \(A\) lies on one side of \(x^*\).)NEWLINENEWLINEThis interesting approach turns out to be quite natural, as on the way to the proof of the main result, the authors develop `one-sided' analogues of well-known ingredients like the \((I)\)-generation or like conditions ensuring that the norm and the weak\(^*\)-closures of the convex hull of a (not necessarily bounded) subset of \(E^*\) coincide. Also, a one-sided version of the classical Bishop-Phelps theorem is proved. Final remarks show that some results are sharp and mention the (intriguing) conjecture that the main result (and a second, related one) should hold without convex block weak\(^*\)-compactness.

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Cited in

(15)

• On the range of the subdifferential in non reflexive Banach spaces
• A multiset version of James's theorem
• Mackey constraints for James's compactness theorem and risk measures
• A quantitative version of James's compactness theorem
• The distance \(dist (\mathcal{B},X)\) when \(\mathcal{B}\) is a boundary of \(B(X^{**})\)
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