Parallel geodesics and minimal stable length of random groups
A random group \(G_\ell(m,d)\) at density \(d \in [0,1]\) is given by \(G_\ell(m,d) = \big \langle x_1,\ldots,x_m \mid R_\ell \big \rangle\), where \(R_\ell\) consists of \((2m-1)^{d\ell}\) random cyclically reduced words of length at most \(\ell\). A property holds \textit{asymptotically almost surely} (a.a.s.) if its probability tends to \(1\) as \(\ell \to \infty\). By Gromov's theorem, if \(d < 1/2\), then a.a.s. \(G_\ell(m,d)\) is hyperbolic.\N\NTwo finite geodesics are parallel if they do not intersect and their endpoints are close. A band diagram is a van Kampen diagram between parallel geodesics. A face is \(1\)-layer if it intersects both boundary geodesics. The main results concern random groups at density \(d < 1/6\): \N\NTheorem A: If \(d < 1/6\) then a.a.s. band diagrams between sufficiently long parallel geodesics admit \(1\)-layer sub-diagrams. \N\NTheorem B: The number of pairwise parallel geodesics satisfies \(k \leq 2 + 4d/(1-6d)\). \N\NTheorem C: The minimal stable length (defined as \(\inf \big \{\lim_{n \to \infty} \frac{|u^n x - x|}{n} \; \big | \; u \text{ loxodromic} \big \}\)) is exactly \(1\).
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