Prime subspaces in free topological groups

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Let \(F(X)\) \((A(X))\) be the free (Abelian) topological group over \(X\). The authors prove: If \(P\) is one of the spaces \(\mathbb{R}\), \(\mathbb{Q}\), \(\mathbb{R} \setminus \mathbb{Q}\), \(\beta \omega\), \(\beta \omega \setminus \omega\) and \(2^ \kappa\) for an infinite \(\kappa\) and if \(F(X)\) or \(A(X)\) contains a copy of \(P\), then \(X\) contains a copy of \(P\). If \(P\) is the one-point compactification of an infinite discrete space or \(\omega_ 1 + 1\), this is not true. If \(P = \omega_ 1\), this holds for \(F(X)\) but is independent of ZFC for \(A(X)\).











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