Problems in the regularity theory of functional equations

DOI10.1007/S00010-002-8001-0MaRDI QIDQ1349026zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Zsolt Páles

Publication date 21 May 2002

Published in Aequationes Mathematicae (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1007/s00010-002-8001-0

zbMATH Keywords

analytic functionscontinuous functionsconvexitydifferentiable functionsfunctional equations and inequalitiesLipschitz functionslogarithmic meanmeasurable functionsquasiarithmetic and Cauchy means

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Continuity and related questions (modulus of continuity, semicontinuity, discontinuities, etc.) for real functions in one variable (26A15) Lipschitz (Hölder) classes (26A16) Monotonic functions, generalizations (26A48) Convexity of real functions in one variable, generalizations (26A51) Measurable and nonmeasurable functions, sequences of measurable functions, modes of convergence (28A20) General theory of functional equations and inequalities (39B05) Functional equations for real functions (39B22) Functional inequalities, including subadditivity, convexity, etc. (39B62)

Review text

Among others the following result is offered. Let \(m: ]0,\infty[^2 \to]0,\infty[\) be symmetric, strictly increasing in both variables and a strict mean (\(\min(x,y)\leq m(x,y)\leq\max(x,y)\) with \(=\) iff \(x=y\)). Then there exists a unique solution \(M: ]0,\infty[^3 \to ]0,\infty[\) of the functional equation \(M[m(x,y),m(y,z),m(z,x)]=M(x,y,z)\) \((x>0, y>0, z>0).\) This \(M\) is also a symmetric strict mean, strictly increasing in all three variables. This follows by a Gaussian mixing iteration argument [see e.g. \textit{J. M. Borwein} and \textit{P. M. Borwein}, Pi and the AGM. A study in analytic number theory and computational complexity. Wiley, New York (1987; Zbl 0611.10001)]. A partly similar result is offered for the functional equation \(M[x,y,m(x,y)]=m(x,y).\) Conversely, for every symmetric, strictly increasing mean \(M\) there exists a symmetric mean \(m\) that satisfies the second equation but a counter example shows that this is not true for the first equation. Particular attention is given to the logarithmic mean \(L(x,y)=(y-x)/(\log y-\log x).\) Several open problems are stated.

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Cited in

(13)

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• Regularity properties of functional equations in several variables.
• The general linear equation on open connected sets
• On weighted extensions of Cauchy's means
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• On a functional equation related to two-variable weighted quasi-arithmetic means
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