The general linear equation on open connected sets

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Abstract: Fix non-zero reals alpha1,ldots,alphan with nge2 and let K be a non-empty open connected set in a topological vector space such that sumilenalphaiKsubseteqK (which holds, in particular, if K is an open convex cone and alpha1,ldots,alphan>0). Let also Y be a vector space over mathbbF:=mathbbQ(alpha1,ldots,alphan). We show, among others, that a function f:KoY satisfies the general linear equation extstyle forall x_1,ldots,x_n in K,,,,,, fleft(sum_{ile n}alpha_i x_i ight)=sum_{ile n}alpha_i f(x_i) if and only if there exist a unique mathbbF-linear A:XoY and unique binY such that f(x)=A(x)+b for all xinK, with b=0 if sumilenalphaieq1. The main tool of the proof is a general version of a result Rad'{o} and Baker on the existence and uniqueness of extension of the solution on the classical Pexider equation.











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