Projections and relative hyperbolicity.

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Abstract: We give an alternative definition of relative hyperbolicity based on properties of closest-point projections on peripheral subgroups. We also derive a distance formula for relatively hyperbolic groups, similar to the one for mapping class groups.


The author introduces a new characterization of relatively hyperbolic groups in terms of almost-projections on left cosets of peripheral subgroups. This characterization is similar to the characterization of tree-graded spaces given in another paper [\textit{A. Sisto}, Groups Geom. Dyn. 7, No. 3, 697-735 (2013; Zbl 1327.20048)], with the link between the two provided by asymptotic cones in view of results of \textit{C. Druţu} and \textit{M. Sapir} [Topology 44, No. 5, 959-1058 (2005; Zbl 1101.20025)]. The author also uses projections to provide an analogue for relatively hyperbolic groups of the distance formula for mapping class groups and discusses some of its applications.




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