Projective background of the infinitesimal rigidity of frameworks

Abstract: We present proofs of two classical theorems. The first one, due to Darboux and Sauer, states that infinitesimal rigidity is a projective invariant; the other one establishes relations (infinitesimal Pogorelov maps) between the infinitesimal motions of a Euclidean framework and of its hyperbolic and spherical images. The arguments use the static formulation of infinitesimal rigidity. The duality between statics and kinematics is established through the principles of virtual work. A geometric approach to statics, due essentially to Grassmann, makes both theorems straightforward. Besides, it provides a simple derivation of the formulas both for the Darboux-Sauer correspondence and for the infinitesimal Pogorelov maps.

Review text

According to a classical theorem attributed to G.~Darboux and R.~Sauer, a projective image of an infinitesimally rigid surface, polyhedron or framework is infinitesimally rigid; see, e.g. [\textit{B.~Wegner}, Acta Mech. 53, 163--171 (1984; Zbl 0526.51019)]. Another classical result establishes relations, called infinitesimal Pogorelov maps, between the infinitesimal motions of a Euclidean surface, polyhedron or framework and of its hyperbolic or spherical image; see, e.g. [\textit{A. V.~Pogorelov}, Extrinsic geometry of convex surfaces, Providence, R.I.: AMS (1973; Zbl 0311.53067)]. Using the principle of least action the author gives modern exposition of the proofs of these classical theorems.

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