Propagation of analyticity for a class of nonlinear hyperbolic equations

DOI10.4171/RLM/591MaRDI QIDQ634427zbMATH OpenFDO

Publication date 2 August 2011

Published in Atti della Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei. Classe di Scienze Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturali. Serie IX. Rendiconti Lincei. Matematica e Applicazioni (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1012.3949

zbMATH Keywords

Gevrey classes weakly hyperbolic semilinear equation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Singularity in context of PDEs (35A21) Initial value problems for higher-order hyperbolic equations (35L30) Higher-order semilinear hyperbolic equations (35L76) Degenerate hyperbolic equations (35L80)

Abstract: The propagation of analyticity for a solution u(t,x) to a nonlinear weakly hyperbolic equation of order m, means that if u, and its time derivatives up to the order m-1, are analytic in the space variables x at the initial time, then they remain analytic for any time. Here we prove that such a property holds for the solutions bounded in C-infinity of a special class of homogeneous equations in one space variable, with time dependent coefficient.

Review text

The author considers the Cauchy problem for a semilinear hyperbolic equation in \((t,x)\in [0,T]\times\mathbb R\) of the following form: \[ Lu(t,x)=\partial_t^m u + a_1 (t)\partial_t^{m-1}\partial_x u + \dots + a_m (t)\partial_x^m u =f(u). \] Here \(f(u)\) is a real entire function. One assumes that \(L\) is hyperbolic, i.e., that the characteristic roots \(\lambda_1 (t), \dots ,\lambda_m (t)\) are real functions. One admits weak hyperbolicity, but in such a case one assumes that these characteristic roots satisfy some uniformity condition. For this Cauchy problem, the author gives two results about the regularity of the solution. First, he assumes that the coefficients \(a_j (t)\) are analytic (with respect to \(t\)). In this case, if the initial values \(u(0,\cdot ),\partial_t u(0,\cdot ), \dots ,\partial_t^{m-1} u(0,\cdot )\) are analytic (with respect to \(x\)), and \(u(t,\cdot ),\partial_t u(t,\cdot ), \dots\), \(\partial_t^{m-1} u(t,\cdot )\) have some ``regularity and some ``boundedness, then the solution \(u\) to the Cauchy problem is analytic with respect to \(x\). Secondly, he assumes that the coefficients \(a_j (t)\) are \(C^{\infty}\). Then one must strengthen the above ``regularity and boundedness using Gevrey classes, but basically a similar result is true. These are natural generalizations of similar results for linear equations.

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