Coleman's power series and Wiles' reciprocity for rank 1 Drinfeld modules

Abstract: We introduce the formalism of Coleman's power series for rank 1 Drinfeld modules and apply it to formulate and prove the analogue of Wiles' explicit reciprocity law in this setting.

Review text

In this paper under review, the authors introduce the formalism of \textit{R. F. Coleman}'s power series [Invent. Math. 53, 91--116 (1979; Zbl 0429.12010)] in the additive setting of formal rank 1 Drinfeld modules. As an application, they obtain an explicit reciprocity law for Drinfeld modules over any global field. To state the main results, let \(F\) be a global function field over the finite field \({\mathbb F}_q\) of \(q\) elements. Fix a place \(\infty\) of \(F\) and let \(A\subset F\) be the subring of functions that are regular away from \(\infty.\) Let \(\Phi\) be a rank 1 Drinfeld \(A\)-module, sign normalized with respect to a fixed sign function \(\mathrm{sgn}\). Then \(\Phi\) is defined over the normalizing field \(H^+\) which is unramified outside of \(\infty\) [\textit{D. R. Hayes}, Math. Res. Inst. Publ. 2, 1--32 (1992; Zbl 0793.11015); \textit{D. Goss}, Basic structures of function field arithmetic. Berlin: Springer (1996; Zbl 0874.11004), Chap. 7]. For a prime ideal \({\mathfrak p}\) in \(A\), we let \({\mathbb C}_{{\mathfrak p}}\) be the completion of a fixed algebraic closure of the completion \(F_{{\mathfrak p}}\) of \(F\) at \({\mathfrak p}\). Choose an embedding \(H^+\hookrightarrow {\mathbb C}_{{\mathfrak p}}\) and let \(K\) be the topological closure of \(H^+\) in \({\mathbb C}_{{\mathfrak p}}\). Let \(f = [K : F_{{\mathfrak p}}]\) then \({\mathfrak p}^f = (\eta)\) is a principal ideal of \(A\) generated by the \(\mathrm{sgn}\)-positive element \(\eta \in A\) (\(\mathrm{sgn}(\eta) = 1)\). It is noted by \textit{M. Rosen} [J. Number Theory 103, No. 2, 234--256 (2003; Zbl 1049.11060)] that the Drinfeld \(A\)-module \(\Phi\) extends to a formal Drinfeld \(A_{{\mathfrak p}}\)-module which we still denote by \(\Phi\). In the additive setting, the formal \(A_{{\mathfrak p}}\)-module \(\Phi\) plays the role of Lubin-Tate formal group in Coleman's theory [ibid.]. The ``cyclotomic tower of field extensions \(K_n/K\) is given by \(K_n = K(\Phi[{\mathfrak p}^{fn}])\) for every \(n\geq 1\) where \(\Phi[{\mathfrak p}^{fn}]\) denotes the \({\mathfrak p}^{fn}\)-torsion of \(\Phi\). Let \(K((x))_1\) denote the formal Laurent series with coefficients in \(K\) which converge on the punctured open unit disk with the origin (in \({\mathbb C}_{\mathfrak p})\) deleted. As analogues of Coleman's results [ibid., Theorem~4 and Theorem~11], the authors establish that there exist unique continuous operators \( {\mathcal T}, {\mathcal N} : K((x))_1 \to K((x))_1\) such that \(\sum_{u\in \Phi[{\mathfrak p}^f]} g(x+u) = \left({\mathcal T} g\right)\circ \Phi_{\eta}\) and \(\prod_{u\in \Phi[{\mathfrak p}^f]} g(x+u) = \left({\mathcal N}g\right)\circ \Phi_{\eta}\) respectively. Here \(\Phi_{\eta}\) denotes the action of \(\eta\in A_{{\mathfrak p}}\) on the additive group \({\mathbb C}_{\mathfrak p}\) via the formal Drinfeld module \(\Phi\). Another result (Theorem~11) in this paper is an analogue of Coleman's discovery on tower of extensions generated by the torsions of a Lubin-Tate formal groups. In the setting of this paper, the authors show that there is an isomorphism between \(\varprojlim K_n^{*}\) and the subgroup of \({\mathcal O}((x))^{*}\) fixed under the operator \({\mathcal N}\) where the inverse limit \(\varprojlim K_n^{*}\) is taken with respect to the norm maps. As an application of the aforementioned results, the authors obtain an explicit reciprocity law for (rank 1) Drinfeld modules. The law is formulated in its limit form as the equality of two pairings on systems of groups (Theorem~24).

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