Varieties with quadratic entry locus. I

Abstract: Quadratic entry locus manifold of type

d e l t a

X s u b s e t m a t h b b P^{N}

of dimension

n g e q 1

are smooth projective varieties such that the locus described on

X

by the points spanning secant lines passing through a general point of the secant variety

S X s u b s e t e q m a t h b b P^{N}

is a smooth quadric hypersurface of dimension

d e l t a = 2 n + 1 - d i m (S X)

equal to the secant defect of

X

. These manifolds appear widely and naturally among projective varieties having special geometric properties and/or extremal tangential behaviour. We prove that, letting

d e l t a = 2 r_{X} + 1 g e q 3

or

d e l t a = 2 r_{X} + 2

, then

2^{r_{X}}

divides

n - d e l t a

. This is obtained by the study of the projective geometry of the Hilbert scheme

Y_{x} s u b s e t m a t h b b (T_{x}^{*})

of lines passing through a general point

x

of

X

, allowing an inductive procedure. The Divisibility Property described above allows unitary and simple proofs of many results on

Q E L

-manifolds such as the complete classification of those of type

d e l t a g e q n / 2

, of Cremona transformation of type

(2, 3)

,

(2, 5)

. In particular we propose a new and very short proof of the fact that Severi varieties have dimension 2,4, 8 or 16 and also an almost self contained half page proof of their classification due to Zak.

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