scientific article; zbMATH DE number 232903
A smooth projective variety \(X\) (over an uncountable algebraically closed field \(k)\) is said to be rationally connected (R. C. for short) if any two generic points of \(X\) are contained in some connected curve all irreducible components of which are rational (possibly singular). Unirational varieties, as well as Fano varieties, are R. C. A surface is R. C. iff it is rational. Not all R. C. threefolds (for example: the general quartic hypersurface of \(\mathbb{P}_ 4)\) are expected to be unirational. The difficulty is that all birational invariants (such as \(\pi_ 1\) if \(k=\mathbb{C}\), or \(h^ 0(X,\otimes^ \nu\Omega^ 1_ x))\) which are known to vanish for unirational varieties also vanish for \(X\) which are R.C. By contrast, rational connectedness is deformation invariant. This easily follows from the main result of this paper, which is of fundamental importance for the theory of R. C. varieties: if \(X\) is R. C., then any finite subset of \(X\) is contained in some irreducible rational curve. The argument rests on refined techniques of deformation theory, which also provide the following result (of independent interest, from which the above follows easily): Let \(g:D\to X\) be a nonconstant morphism from a smooth proper curve \(D\) to \(X\), and let \(\overline b_ 1,\ldots,\overline b_ q\) belong to \(g(D)\). Let \(C_ 1,\ldots,C_ N\) be semipositive rational curves on \(X\) (i.e.: \(C_ i=f_ i(\mathbb{P}_ 1)\), with \(f^*_ i(TX)\) semipositive for all \(i\)'s). Assume no \(C_ i\) contains some \(\overline b_ j\). Then: if \(N\) is sufficiently large (depending on \(g^*(TX))\), there exists \(I\subset\{1,\ldots,N\}\) such that the curve \((g(D)+\sum_{i\in I}C_ i)=D_ 0\) moves in an algebraic family of curves \((D_ s)_{s\in S}\), all \(D_ s\) going through \((b_ j)\), and \(D_ s\) being irreducible of the same genus as \(D\) for \(s\) generic in \(S\). An effective bound for \(N\) above when \(D=\mathbb{P}_ 1\) permitted the authors to show that the family of Fano \(n\)-folds is bounded [cf. Classification of irregular varieties minimal models and abelian varieties, Proc. Conf., Trento/Italy 1990; Lect. Notes Math. 1515, 100- 105 (1992; Zbl 0776.14012)]. The last section contains (among others) the following characterisation of R. C. threefolds: \(X\) is R. C. iff \[ h^ 0(X,\Omega^ 1_ X)=h^ 0(X,S^ 2(\Omega^ 1_ X))=h^ 0(X,{\mathcal O}_ X(\nu K_ x))=0\quad\text{(for all } \nu>0). \] This result needs Mori's minimal model program, as well as Miyaoka's characterization of uniruledness in dimension 3.
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- A generalization of the Kobayashi-Ochiai theorem
- Rationally generated arcs
- Varieties with quadratic entry locus. I
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- Rational connectedness and boundedness of Fano manifolds
- Real algebraic threefolds. III. Conic bundles
- Divisors on elliptic Calabi-Yau 4-folds and the superpotential in F-theory. I
- Polarized varieties whose points are joined by rational curves of small degress
- Shafarevich maps and plurigenera of algebraic varieties
- On degenerate secant varieties of secant defect two
- Lang maps and Harris's conjecture
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- Rationally connected varieties over finite fields
- Bounded three-dimensional Fano varieties of integer index
- Boundedness of canonical \(\mathbb{Q}\)-Fano 3-folds
- Fundamental groups of open \(K3\) surfaces, Enriques surfaces and Fano 3-folds
- Endomorphisms of smooth projective 3-folds with non-negative Kodaira dimension.
- Building blocks of polarized endomorphisms of normal projective varieties
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- Étale endomorphisms of 3-folds. I.
- Specialization of zero cycles
- Grothendieck ring of varieties, D- and L-equivalence, and families of quadrics
- Rationally connected varieties over local fields
- Decomposition problem on endomorphisms of projective varieties
- Orbifolds, special varieties and classification theory.
- Additive vector fields, algebraicity and rationality
- Rationality in families of threefolds
- Weak approximation for isotrivial families
- Rational maps from punctual Hilbert schemes of \(K3\) surfaces
- Contraction centers in families of hyperkähler manifolds
- Del Pezzo foliations with log canonical singularities
- Kawaguchi-Silverman conjecture for certain surjective endomorphisms
- Rational points over complex function fields: remarks on isotriviality and dominatedness
- Positivity and the Kodaira embedding theorem
- On the coniveau of rationally connected threefolds
- On projective Kähler manifolds of partially positive curvature and rational connectedness
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- RC-positivity and rigidity of harmonic maps into Riemannian manifolds
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- Weak approximation for cubic hypersurfaces
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- Rational maps between varieties associated to central simple algebras
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- Varieties connected by chains of lines
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- Free curves on varieties
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- R-equivalence on low degree complete intersections
- Weak approximation for low degree del Pezzo surfaces
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- The class of the affine line is a zero divisor in the Grothendieck ring
- Intrinsic pseudo-volume forms for logarithmic pairs
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4189878 (Why is no real title available?)
- The dual complex of Calabi-Yau pairs
- Rational connectivity and sections of families over curves
- Separable rational connectedness and stability
- Rationally connected foliations after Bogomolov and McQuillan
- Structure theorems for compact Kähler manifolds with nef anticanonical bundles
- Lower bounds for Seshadri constants
- Asymptotically cylindrical Calabi-Yau 3-folds from weak Fano 3-folds
- Murre’s conjectures and explicit Chow–Künneth projectors for varieties with a nef tangent bundle
- Infinitely generated Lawson homology groups on some rational projective varieties
- Degenerations of rationally connected varieties
- Rational curves on complex manifolds
- The Nash conjecture for threefolds
- Real algebraic threefolds II. Minimal model program
- Remarques sur le revêtement universel des variétés kählériennes compactes
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- Rationally connected varieties and fundamental groups
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- A classification of terminal quartic 3-folds and applications to rationality questions
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- The rationality problem for conic bundles
- Strong approximation over function fields
- Iitaka dimension for cycles
- A snapshot of the minimal model program
- The first cohomology of separably rationally connected varieties
- On the Albanese maps of compact Kähler manifolds
- Families of rationally connected varieties
- Birational positivity in dimension 4
- Abel-Jacobi map, integral Hodge classes and decomposition of the diagonal
- Weak approximation for general degree two del Pezzo surfaces
- Convex rationally connected varieties
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