Characterizing lineations defined on open subsets of projective spaces over ordered division rings

Skew fields, division rings (12E15) General theory of linear incidence geometry and projective geometries (51A05) Ring geometry (Hjelmslev, Barbilian, etc.) (51C05)

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Let \(K,L\) be division rings. Denote by \(P^m(K)\) an \(m\)-dimensional projective space over \(K\) \((m\geq 2)\). A map \(F\) of a subset \(U\) of \(P^m(K)\) into \(P^m(L)\) is called a lineation if \(F\) maps any three collinear points to collinear points. Let \(\mathbf{v}=(v_0,\ldots,v_{m+1})\) (resp. \(\mathbf{v}'=(v'_0,\ldots,v'_{m+1}))\) be a reference frame in \(P^m(K)\) (resp. \(P^m(L))\). If \(\psi: K\to L\) is a place, then for \([x_0,\ldots,x^m]\in P^m(K)\) there is an element \(a\) of \(K\) such that \(ax^0,\ldots,ax^m\) are in \(\mathrm{dom}\, \psi,\) but not all in \(\ker \psi\). A map \(P^m(\psi;\underline v,\underline v'): P^m(K)\to P^m(L)\) defined by \([x^0,\ldots,x^m]\mapsto [\psi (ax^0),\ldots,\psi (ax^m)]\) is a lineation. Theorem: Let \(K\) be an ordered division ring, \(v_0,\ldots,v_m, w\) be points in general position in \(P^m(K)\), and \(U\) be a subset of \(P^m(K)\) such that \(U\) contains the simplex \((v_ 0,\ldots,v_m;w)\). If \(F\) is a lineation of \(U\) into \(P^m(L)\) such that \(F(v_0),\ldots,F(v_m),F(w)\) are in general position in \(P^m(L)\), then there is a place \(\phi: K\to L\) such that \(F\) is the restriction of \(P^m(\phi;\underline v,F(\underline v))\) to \(U\), where \(\mathbf{v}\) (resp. \(F(\mathbf{v}))\) is the reference frame \(v_0,\ldots,v_m,w\) (resp. \(F(v_0),\ldots,F(v_m),F(w))\) in \(P^m(K)\) (resp. \(P^m(L))\). It is also shown that let \(K\) be an archimedean and euclidean field, \(U\) be open in \(P^m(K)\), if \(F: U\to P^m(K)\) is an injective lineation such that \(\mathrm{im}\, F\) is not contained in a line, then for any reference frame \(\mathbf{v}\) in \(U\), F is the restriction of \(P^m(\mathrm{id}_K;\underline v,F(\underline v))\) to \(U\). Examples of the fields admitting only surjective endomorphisms, and of non-surjective endomorphisms of fields are given.

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