scientific article; zbMATH DE number 149531
Define a lineation of projective planes as a map \(\pi\) of the point sets which carries each line to a subset of some line in the image plane. We assume throughout this review that \(\pi\) is not collapsed, i.e., the image is not contained in one line. The author shows why in compact connected planes, the only known examples of continuous lineations are embeddings, whereas noninjective lineations play an important role for projective planes in general. For example, there are lineations of the planes over the rational or \(p\)-adic numbers onto finite planes [compare \textit{W. Klingenberg}, Math. Ann. 132, 180-200 (1956; Zbl 0073.364)]. In fact the author shows that for stable planes (e.g., for open subgeometries of topological projective planes) a lineation is either injective or locally constant. As the main new idea of the paper, the author points out that in stable planes a rich concept of morphism is available. He defines morphisms as continuous injective lineations with nondiscrete image. The point is that surjectivity is not required, and this leads to interesting examples: The real hyperbolic plane \(H\) admits a topological semigroup of endomorphisms that is an 8-dimensional manifold, with a boundary containing the three- dimensional group \(\Gamma\) of automorphisms of the plane. Thus, the set of endomorphisms of \(H\) is just as large as the automorphism group of the entire real projective plane, and the common practice of focussing attention on \(\Gamma\) misses this point. In fact it is shown that each of the four classical projective planes \(P\) over the real and complex numbers, the quaternions and the octonions contains rigid open subsets (having no automorphisms except the identity) which admit an action of some open subsemigroup of \(\Aut P\). In general, such an open subsemigroup exists for an open subset \(U\) of a compact projective plane \(P\) whenever there is an automorphism of \(P\) that sends the closure of \(U\) into \(U\). (Misbehaviour of a TEX macro has deleted the first sentences of some of the proofs. In the proof of Theorem 8, the assumption that \(U\) is an open set with compact closure was apparently lost in this way).
- Characterizing lineations defined on open subsets of projective spaces over ordered division rings
- Extending homomorphisms of dense projective subplanes by continuity
- The skew-hyperbolic motion group of the quaternion plane
- The semigroup of continuous lineations of a stable plane
- Direct limits and maximality of stable planes
- Convergence of automorphisms of compact projective planes
- On homomorphisms between generalized polygons
- The Complement of the Stable Manifold for One Dimensional Endomorphisms
- Locally classical stable planes
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