On ground state solutions of - u=u^ p-u^ q

Growth and boundedness of solutions to ordinary differential equations (34C11) Oscillation, zeros of solutions, mean value theorems, etc. in context of PDEs (35B05) Nonlinear boundary value problems for linear elliptic equations (35J65)

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The authors show existence and uniqueness of radially symmetric solutions of the problem \[ -\Delta u=u^ p-u^ q,\;u>0\text{ in }\mathbb{R}^ n,\quad u(x)=O(| x|^{2-n})\text{ as } x\to\infty. \] Here \(n\geq 3\), \(q>p>(n+2)/(n-2)\). Furthermore they give an estimate for \(u(0)\). In order to prove their result, the authors introduce new variables: \(t=\left({n- 2\over| x|}\right)^{n-2}\), \(y(t)=u\bigl(| x|\bigr)\). So the original problem is transformed into \[ y+t^{-(2n-2)/(n-2)}(y^ p-y^ q)=0,\;y>0\text{ for } t>0, \tag{1} \] \[ y(t)\sim\alpha t\;\text{ for some } \alpha>0,\text{ as } t\to 0,\quad (3)\;\lim_{t\to\infty}y(t)\;\text{ exists and is finite }, \lim_{t\to\infty}y'(t)=0. \tag{2} \] The singular initial value problem (1), (2) is carefully studied in dependence on \(\alpha\). It is shown that there is precisely one choice of \(\alpha>0\), such that the unique solution of (1), (2) exists globally and also satisfies (3). The existence is proved by means of a shooting argument. The uniqueness proof, which is the hardest part of the paper, employs some techniques of \textit{M. K. Kwong} [Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 105, No. 3, 243-266 (1989; Zbl 0676.35052)].

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