Characters and composition factor multiplicities for the Lie superalgebra gl(m/n)

DOI10.1023/A:1007590920834MaRDI QIDQ1283350zbMATH OpenFDO

Publication date 12 March 2000

Published in Letters in Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/9811015

character formula classical Lie superalgebra composition factors Kac module Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomial Lie superalgebra \({\mathfrak g}{\mathfrak l}(m/n)\)representations of Lie superalgebras

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Combinatorial aspects of representation theory (05E10) Superalgebras (17A70) Representations of Lie algebras and Lie superalgebras, algebraic theory (weights) (17B10) Graded Lie (super)algebras (17B70)

Abstract: The multiplicities a_{lambda,mu} of simple modules L(mu) in the composition series of Kac modules V(lambda) for the Lie superalgebra gl(m/n) were described by Serganova, leading to her solution of the character problem for gl(m/n). In Serganova's algorithm all mu with nonzero a_{lambda,mu} are determined for a given lambda; this algorithm turns out to be rather complicated. In this Letter a simple rule is conjectured to find all nonzero a_{lambda,mu} for any given weight mu. In particular, we claim that for an r-fold atypical weight mu there are 2^r distinct weights lambda such that a_{lambda,mu}=1, and a_{lambda,mu}=0 for all other weights lambda. Some related properties on the multiplicities a_{lambda,mu} are proved, and arguments in favour of our main conjecture are given. Finally, an extension of the conjecture describing the inverse of the matrix of Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials is discussed.

Review text

The Kac-Weyl character formula gives the characters of the so called typical irreducible modules of the basic classical Lie superalgebras and the problem for obtaining a character formula for the remaining atypical modules has been the subject of intensive investigation both in mathematics and physics literature. With the recent solution for the characters of simple \({\mathfrak g}{\mathfrak l}(m/n)\)-modules given in [\textit{V. Serganova}, Sel. Math., New Ser. 2, 607-651 (1996; Zbl 0881.17005)], the characters of all simple modules of type I Lie superalgebras are known in principle. In the atypical case, the Kac module \(V_{\lambda}\) corresponding to a highest weight \(\lambda\) is indecomposable and the simple module \(L_{\lambda}\) is the quotient of \(V_{\lambda}\) by its unique maximal submodule. Let \(a_{\lambda,\mu}\) be the multiplicity of \(L_{\mu}\) in the composition series of \(V_{\lambda}\). The method of Serganova for computing the \(a_{\lambda,\mu}\)'s, though straightforward, is not easy to apply and does not shed much light on the properties of the coefficients \(a_{\lambda,\mu}\). The goal of the paper under review is to announce some results on the multiplicities \(a_{\lambda,\mu}\) and to show that the structure of the matrix \(A=(a_{\lambda,\mu})\) which seems extremely complicated when rows are considered, is in fact very simple when concentrating on columns. The authors make the conjecture that all coefficients \(a_{\lambda,\mu}\) are equal either to 0 or to 1 and give easy algorithm for finding the nonzero \(a_{\lambda,\mu}\). They also present a conjecture giving the inverse matrix \(A(q)=(a_{\lambda,\mu}(q))\) of the Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials \(K_q=(K_{\lambda,\mu}(q))\). The authors have the proofs of the conjectures only in some cases but their arguments do not work in the general case. However, with all data deduced by means of the algorithm of Serganova it is reasonable to expect that the conjectures are true.

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