The algebra of multiple harmonic series
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Publication:1368042
The series in the title is an extended Riemann zeta function defined by \[ \zeta(i_1,i_2,\dots,i_k)= \sum n_1^{-i_1} n_2^{- i_2}\cdots n_k^{-i_k}, \] where the \(k\)-fold sum is over \(n_1> n_2>\cdots> n_k\geq 1\) and each \(i_r\) is a positive integer with \(i_1>1\). The sum of exponents \(i_1+ i_2+\cdots+ i_k\) is called the weight of the series. The case \(k=1\) is the Dirichlet series for the Riemann zeta function \(\zeta(i_1)\). Work by Euler, who studied the case \(k=2\) in 1775, initiated a large literature on these series and related sums. Many of the results consist of striking relations, ranging from simple properties such as \(\sum_{n=1}^\infty n^{-2} \sum_{k=1}^n k^{-1}= 2\zeta(3)\), first given by Euler and rediscovered by Ramanujan and many others, to more complicated relations such as \(\zeta(2) \zeta(2,1)= 2\zeta(2,2,1)+ \zeta(2,1,2)+ \zeta(4,1)+ \zeta(2,3)\). This paper places these relations in a global setting by introducing an algebra that formalizes the algebraic structure arising from multiplication of these series. Among other results it is shown that there are at most a finite number of series of weight \(n\) that are irreducible, in the sense that they are not sums of rational multiples of products of series of lower weights.
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Cited in
(only showing first 100 items - show all)- A class of relations among multiple zeta values
- Differential algebraic Birkhoff decomposition and the renormalization of multiple zeta values
- Noncommutative algebra, multiple harmonic sums and applications in discrete probability
- On the quasi-derivation relation for multiple zeta values
- Gamma series associated to elements satisfying regularized double shuffle relations
- On some infinite series of L. J. Mordell and their analogues
- Multiple harmonic series
- On the duality and the derivation relations for multiple zeta values
- On harmonic numbers and nonlinear Euler sums
- A new integral-series identity of multiple zeta values and regularizations
- Algebraic independence of sequences generated by (cyclotomic) harmonic sums
- Derivation relations and duality for the sum of multiple zeta values
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- Stuffle product formulas of multiple zeta values
- Some alternating sums of multiple zeta values of height one
- Duality relations among multiple series with three parameters
- Quasi-derivation relations for multiple zeta values revisited
- Relationships between multiple zeta values of depths 2 and 3 and period polynomials
- Explicit relations between multiple zeta values and related variants
- Commutative matching Rota-Baxter operators, shuffle products with decorations and matching Zinbiel algebras
- On variants of symmetric multiple zeta-star values and the cyclic sum formula
- Finite and symmetric Mordell-Tornheim multiple zeta values
- A deformation of multiple \(L\)-values
- An interpolation function of multiple harmonic sum
- A note on Ohno sums for multiple zeta values
- Algebraic aspects of rooted tree maps
- Variants of multiple zeta values with even and odd summation indices
- Zinbiel algebras and multiple zeta values
- \(t\)-adic symmetrization map on the harmonic algebra
- Algebraic relations of interpolated multiple zeta values
- Ohno-type relation for interpolated multiple zeta values
- On Zagier-Hoffman's conjectures in positive characteristic
- Algebraic differential formulas for the shuffle, stuffle and duality relations of iterated integrals
- Multivariable Hoffman-Ihara operators and the operad of formal power series
- A decomposition of (2n+3) into sums of multiple zeta values
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- Multiple zeta functions and polylogarithms over global function fields
- Motivic multiple zeta values relative to _2
- On \(q\)-analogues of quadratic Euler sums
- On certain two-parameter deformations of multiple zeta values
- \(\mathbb{Q}\)-linear relations of specific families of multiple zeta values and the linear part of Kawashima's relation
- Groups acting on necklaces and sandpile groups
- Hilbert schemes and multiple \(q\)-zeta values
- An algebraic proof of the cyclic sum formula for multiple zeta values
- Superstring amplitudes, unitarily, and Hankel determinants of multiple zeta values
- On some weighted sum formulas involving general multiple zeta-type series
- Double shuffle relations for arborified zeta values
- Applications of stuffle product of multiple zeta values
- On Euler's decomposition formula for \(q\)MZVs
- The mechanics of shuffle products and their siblings
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- Finite multiple zeta values associated with 2-colored rooted trees
- Identity involving symmetric sums of regularized multiple zeta-star values
- The depth structure of motivic multiple zeta values
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- Structure of polyzetas and Lyndon words
- Multiple zeta values
- On \(p\)-Bernoulli numbers and polynomials
- Differential equations, associators, and recurrences for amplitudes
- Duality for finite multiple harmonic \(q\)-series
- Renormalisation of q-regularised multiple zeta values
- Weighted sum formulas of multiple zeta values with even arguments
- Truncated \(t\)-adic symmetric multiple zeta values and double shuffle relations
- Another look at Zagier's formula for multiple zeta values involving Hoffman elements
- Sum relations from shuffle products of alternating multiple zeta values
- On a parametric K-fold series and its connection to Nielsen-Kölbig relations
- Bachmann-Kühn's brackets and multiple zeta values at level N
- Periods of mirrors and multiple zeta values
- Symmetries of rational functions arising in Ecalle's study of multiple zeta values
- On some multiple zeta-star values of one-two-three indices
- Braided cofree Hopf algebras and quantum multi-brace algebras.
- Duality and (\(q\)-)multiple zeta values
- Derivation relations for finite multiple zeta values
- On multiple zeta values of even arguments
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