Periodic solutions with the same period of the recursion x_n+1=+ x_ n+ x_n-1A+Bx_ n+Cx_n-1

MaRDI QIDQ1374840zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Yu Zheng

Publication date 22 June 1998

Published in Differential Equations and Dynamical Systems (Search for Journal in Brave)

zbMATH Keywords

difference equationperiodic solutionspositive solution

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Additive difference equations (39A10) Discrete version of topics in analysis (39A12)

Review text

Consider the difference equation \[ x_{n+ 1}= {\alpha+\beta x_n+\gamma x_{n-1}\over A+ Bx_n+ Cx_{n-1}},\quad n=0,1,2,\dots,\tag{\(*\)} \] where \(\alpha,\beta, \gamma, A, B, C\in[0,\infty)\) with \(\alpha+\beta+\gamma\), \(B+C\in(0, \infty)\). Let \(p\in \mathbb{N}\) and \(p\geq 2\). The author establishes necessary and sufficient conditions in terms of \(\alpha\), \(\beta\), \(\gamma\), \(A\), \(B\), \(C\) and \(p\) for every positive solution of the difference equation \((*)\) to be periodic with the same period \(p\). This solved an open problem proposed by \textit{G. Ladas} [J. Difference Equ. Appl. 1, No. 4, 413-419 (1995; Zbl 0853.39002)].

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• On the recursive sequence \({x_{n + 1}} = \frac{{\alpha {x_{n - 1}}}}{{\beta {x_n} + {x_{n - 1}}}} + \frac{{{x_{n - 1}}}}{{{x_n}}}\)
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Cited in

(3)

• On the global periodicity of discrete dynamical systems and application to rational difference equations
• On the global behavior of a high-order rational difference equation
• Normal forms for rational difference equations with applications to the global periodicity problem

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