Cohomology, stratifications and parametric Gröbner bases in characteristic zero.
Let \(P_K(n,d)\) denote the space of polynomials in \(n\) variables of degree at most \(d\) over the field \(K\) of characteristic zero. \textit{A. Leykin} [J. Symb. Comput. 32, 663--675 (2001; Zbl 1035.16018)] proved the existence of an algebraic stratification on \(P_K(n,d)\) such that on the strata the Bernstein-Sato polynomial is constant. The main aim of the present paper is to extend and to refine Leykin's results. It is shown the existence of a number \(c_{n,d}\) such that if \(f \in P_K(n,d)\) then the algebraic de Rham cohomology group \(H^i_{\text{DR}}(K^n \setminus V(f))\) has rank at most \(c_{n,d}.\) Moreover there is a bound \(c_{n,d,l}\) for the ranks of the de Rham cohomology groups of the complements of varieties in \(n\)-space defined by the vanishing of \(l\) polynomials in \(P_K(n,d).\) More precisely, if \(\beta_i : P_K(n,d)^l \to \mathbb N\) is the \(i\)-th Betti number of the complement of the corresponding variety, the author establishes the existence of a \(\mathbb{Q}\)-algebraic stratification on \(P_K(n,d)^l\) such that \(\beta_i\) is constant on each stratum. On each stratum the de Rham cohomology groups of the corresponding complements are generated by differential forms with parameters defined on the entire stratum. As in Leykin's case the stratification remains rational under this refinement. As in Leykin's work [loc. cit], the author uses Gröbner bases in order to prove the existence of his stratifications. In order to extend this approach the author has to make Leykin's results precise under specializations by including the case of non-term and weight orders.
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