A remark on the existence of explosive solutions for a class of semilinear elliptic equations

Oscillation, zeros of solutions, mean value theorems, etc. in context of PDEs (35B05) Boundary value problems for second-order elliptic equations (35J25) Nonlinear boundary value problems for linear elliptic equations (35J65)

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There has been considerable research on the problem of finding a positive solution \(u\) of the differential equation \(\Delta u = k(x)f(u)\) in \(\Omega\), a bounded domain in \(\mathbb R^n\), which diverges to infinity at \(\partial\Omega\) when the function \(k\) is a positive constant and \(f(u) = e^u\) or \(f(u) = u^p\) for some constant \(p>1\). In this work, the author shows that this problem has a solution for a class of nonconstant functions \(k\). The main conditions are that \(k\) is uniformly bounded from below in \(\Omega\) and does not blow up too fast near \(\partial \Omega\). Specifically either \(k(x) = O(d(x)^{\beta-2})\) for some \(\beta \in (0,2]\), where \(d\) is distance to the boundary, or \(d \in L^q\) for some \(q > n/2\). The key step is to approximate the domain \(\Omega\) from within by a sequence of smooth domains (so that \(k\) is uniformly bounded on the approximating domains). The maximum principle shows that the sequence of solutions of the approximating problems with infinite boundary data (which are known to exist) is decreasing and a simple change of dependent variable along with the maximum principle shows that this sequence is bounded from below by a strictly positive function.

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