Thermalization, viscosity and the averaged null energy condition

DOI10.1007/JHEP10(2018)028zbMATH Open1402.83036arXiv1805.04194WikidataQ129150341 ScholiaQ129150341MaRDI QIDQ1627271FDOQ1627271

Authors: Luca V. Delacrétaz, Sean A. Hartnoll, Aitor Lewkowycz, Thomas E. Hartman 

Publication date: 22 November 2018

Published in: Journal of High Energy Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We explore the implications of the averaged null energy condition for thermal states of relativistic quantum field theories. A key property of such thermal states is the thermalization length. This lengthscale generalizes the notion of a mean free path beyond weak coupling, and allows finite size regions to independently thermalize. Using the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis, we show that thermal fluctuations in finite size `fireballs' can produce states that violate the averaged null energy condition if the thermalization length is too short or if the shear viscosity is too large. These bounds become very weak with a large number N of degrees of freedom but can constrain real-world systems, such as the quark-gluon plasma.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1805.04194

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zbMATH Keywords

effective field theoriesquark-gluon plasmaaveraged null energy condition

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Model quantum field theories (81T10) Strong interaction, including quantum chromodynamics (81V05) Gravitational energy and conservation laws; groups of motions (83C40) Stability and instability of geophysical and astrophysical flows (76E20)

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Cited In (7)

• Thermal stress tensor correlators, OPE and holography
• Boundary conformal field theory at large charge
• Achronal averaged null energy condition for extremal horizons and (A)dS
• The averaged null energy condition and the black hole interior in string theory
• The light-ray OPE and conformal colliders
• Fast conformal bootstrap and constraints on 3d gravity
• Thermalization in large-\(N\) CFTs

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