Geometric analysis of the linear Boltzmann equation. I: Trend to equilibrium

DOI10.1007/S40818-015-0003-ZzbMATH Open1398.35142arXiv1401.8227OpenAlexW1789036918MaRDI QIDQ1661375FDOQ1661375

Authors: Daniel Han-Kwan, Matthieu Léautaud 

Publication date: 16 August 2018

Published in: Annals of PDE (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: This work is devoted to the analysis of the linear Boltzmann equation in a bounded domain, in the presence of a force deriving from a potential. The collision operator is allowed to be degenerate in the following two senses: (1) the associated collision kernel may vanish in a large subset of the phase space; (2) we do not assume that it is bounded below by a Maxwellian at infinity in velocity. We study how the association of transport and collision phenomena can lead to convergence to equilibrium, using concepts and ideas from control theory. We prove two main classes of results. On the one hand, we show that convergence towards an equilibrium is equivalent to an almost everywhere geometric control condition. The equilibria (which are not necessarily Maxwellians with our general assumptions on the collision kernel) are described in terms of the equivalence classes of an appropriate equivalence relation. On the other hand, we characterize the exponential convergence to equilibrium in terms of the Lebeau constant, which involves some averages of the collision frequency along the flow of the transport. We handle several cases of phase spaces, including those associated to specular reflection in a bounded domain, or to a compact Riemannian manifold.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1401.8227

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zbMATH Keywords

control theoryhypocoercivitykinetic theorylarge time behaviourlinear Boltzmann equationgeometric control conditions

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Asymptotic behavior of solutions to PDEs (35B40) Kinetic theory of gases in time-dependent statistical mechanics (82C40) Boltzmann equations (35Q20) Rarefied gas flows, Boltzmann equation in fluid mechanics (76P05) Control/observation systems governed by partial differential equations (93C20) Transport processes in time-dependent statistical mechanics (82C70)

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Cited In (16)

• Convergence rate to equilibrium for conservative scattering models on the torus: a new Tauberian approach
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• Existence of invariant densities and time asymptotics of conservative linear kinetic equations on the torus without spectral gaps
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• Quantitative rates of convergence to equilibrium for the degenerate linear Boltzmann equation on the torus
• Control to Flocking of the Kinetic Cucker--Smale Model
• Hypocoercivity in Hilbert spaces
• A model of particles interacting with thermal traps
• Trend to equilibrium and spectral localization properties for the linear Boltzmann equation
• Trajectorial hypocoercivity and application to control theory
• Mathematical and numerical study of a dusty Knudsen gas mixture

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