Tight closure of parameter ideals in local rings F-rational on the punctured spectrum

Let \((R, \mathfrak m)\) be a noetherian local ring of prime characteristic \(p > 0\). Recall that an ideal \(\mathfrak q\) of \(R\) is called a parameter ideal if it is generated by a system of parameters of \(R\). For a parameter ideal \(\mathfrak q\) of \(R\), this paper studies \(\ell_R(\mathfrak{q}^*/\mathfrak{q})\), where \(\mathfrak{q}^*\) denotes the tight closure of \(\mathfrak q\). Goto and Nakamura showed that \(\ell_R(\mathfrak{q}^*/\mathfrak{q})\) is bounded above by a fixed number for every parameter ideal \(\mathfrak q\) precisely when \(R\) is \(F\)-rational on the punctured spectrum \(\textrm{Spec}(R) \setminus \mathfrak{m}\). These conditions in turn imply that \(R\) is generalized Cohen-Macaulay, that is, \(\ell_R(R/\mathfrak{q}) - e(\mathfrak{q})\) is bounded above by a fixed constant for all parameter ideals \(\mathfrak{q}\). This paper studies the counterpart of Goto and Nakamura's result for Buchsbaum rings, that is, rings for which \(\ell_R(R/\mathfrak{q}) - e(\mathfrak{q})\) is independent of the choice of the parameter ideal \(\mathfrak q\). The main result of Quy's paper shows the following: \textbf{Main Theorem:} Let \((R, \mathfrak m)\) be an excellent and equidimensional local ring of prime characteristic \(p > 0\). Suppose \(R\) is \(F\)-injective and \(F\)-rational on the punctured spectrum. Then \(\ell_R(\mathfrak{q}^*/\mathfrak{q})\) is independent of the choice of the parameter ideal \(\mathfrak{q}\). The connection with Buchsbaum rings is via a theorem of Ma. Namely, if \(R\) is \(F\)-injective and \(F\)-rational on the punctured spectrum, then Ma shows that \(R\) is necessarily Buchsbaum. The proof of the main theorem proceeds by reduction to the case where \((R, \mathfrak m)\) is \(F\)-finite via a careful application of the Gamma construction. In the \(F\)-finite case, Quy uses the limit closure \(\mathfrak{q}^{\textrm{lim}}\) of a parameter ideal \(\mathfrak{q}\) (limit closure is contained in tight closure) and shows that if \((R, \mathfrak m)\) satisfies the hypotheses of the Main Theorem and is additionally \(F\)-finite, then the canonical \[ \mathfrak{q}^*/\mathfrak{q}^{\textrm{lim}} \rightarrow 0^*_{H^d_{\mathfrak m}(R)} \] is an isomorphism for all parameter ideals \(\mathfrak q\). Here \(0^*_{H^d_{\mathfrak m}(R)}\) is the module that detects the \(F\)-rationality of \((R, \mathfrak m)\) by work of Smith.

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