Tight Hilbert polynomial and F-rational local rings

Characteristic (p) methods (Frobenius endomorphism) and reduction to characteristic (p); tight closure (13A35) Local cohomology and commutative rings (13D45)

Abstract: Let

(R, m a t h f r a k m)

be a Noetherian local ring of prime characteristic

p

and

Q

be an

m a t h f r a k m

-primary parameter ideal. We give criteria for F-rationality of

R

using the tight Hilbert function

H_{Q}^{*} (n) = e l l (R / (Q^{n})^{*}

and the coefficient

e_{1}^{*} (Q)

of the tight Hilbert polynomial

We obtain a lower bound for the tight Hilbert function of

Q

for equidimensional excellent local rings that generalises a result of Goto and Nakamura. We show that if

d i m R = 2

, the Hochster-Huneke graph of

R

is connected and this lower bound is achieved then

R

is F-rational. Craig Huneke asked if the

F

-rationality of unmixed local rings may be characterized by the vanishing of

e_{1}^{*} (Q) .

We construct examples to show that without additional conditions, this is not possible. Let

R

be an excellent, reduced, equidimensional Noetherian local ring and

Q

be generated by parameter test elements. We find formulas for

e_{1}^{*} (Q), e_{2}^{*} (Q), l d o t s, e_{d}^{*} (Q)

in terms of Hilbert coefficients of

Q

, lengths of local cohomology modules of

R,

and the length of the tight closure of the zero submodule of

H_{m a t h f r a k m}^{d} (R) .

Using these we prove:

R

is F-rational

L e f t r i g h t a r r o w e_{1}^{*} (Q) = e_{1} (Q) L e f t r i g h t a r r o w

depth

R g e q 2

and

e_{1}^{*} (Q) = 0.

Review text

Let \((R, {\mathfrak m})\) be a Noetherian local ring of dimension \(d\) and of prime characteristic \(p\). If \(I\) is any \({\mathfrak m}\) primary ideal in \(R\) and \(R\) is analtytically unramified (i.e., the completion of \(R\) is reduced), then the function \(H^{\star}_I(n) := \ell (R/ (I^n)^{\star})\) is a polynomial in \(n\) for all large \(n\) and this polynomial can be written as \(P^{\star}_{I} (n) = (-1)^i e_i^{\star} (I) \binom{n + d-1-i}{d-i} \) [\textit{K. Goel} et al., Math. Proc. Camb. Philos. Soc. 169, No. 2, 335--355 (2020; Zbl 1478.13008)]. The coefficients \(e_i^{\star} (I)\), \(i=0, \ldots, d\) are called the tight Hilbert coefficients. This work is motivated by a question by C. Huneke: Is it true that an unmixed Noetherian local ring \(R\) is \(F\)-rational if and only if for some ideal \(Q\) generated by a system of parameters \(e_1^{\star}(Q)\) =0? Goto and Nakamura gave sufficient conditions in terms of the \(e_0^{\star} (Q)\) for \(R\) to be a Cohen-Macaulay \(F\)-rational local ring in the case when \(R\) is equidimensional local ring and if \(R\) is a homomorphic image of a Cohen-Macaulay local ring [\textit{S. Goto} and \textit{Y. Nakamura}, J. Algebra 244, No. 1, 302--311 (2001; Zbl 1063.13019)]. In this paper the authors show that Huneke's question does not have a positive answer (Proposition 5.3). However, Huneke's question does have a positive answer in the case \(R\) is excellent, reduced local ring and \(Q\) is generated by parameter test elements. In this case they give necessary and sufficient conditions for \(R\) to be \(F\)-rational in terms of vanishing of \(e_1^{\star} (Q)\) and depth of \(R\). (Proposition 4.6). They also give a generalization of a result of Theorem 1.1 (1) proved \textit{S. Goto} and \textit{Y. Nakamura} [J. Algebra 244, No. 1, 302--311 (2001; Zbl 1063.13019)]. The paper concludes with some interesting examples. In Example 5.4 an explicit description of the tight Hilbert polynomial is given. This example also shows that the depth condition in Proposition 4.6 cannot be dropped. An example of complete local domain of dimension two which is not rational is given (Example 5.5).

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