Differential operator for discrete Gegenbauer-Sobolev orthogonal polynomials: eigenvalues and asymptotics

DOI10.1016/J.JAT.2018.04.008MaRDI QIDQ1749035zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Lance L. Littlejohn, Juan F. Mañas-Mañas, R. Wellman, J. J. Moreno-Balcázar

Publication date 15 May 2018

Published in Journal of Approximation Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1705.08167

zbMATH Keywords

asymptoticsdifferential operatorsSobolev orthogonality

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Other special orthogonal polynomials and functions (33C47) Orthogonal functions and polynomials, general theory of nontrigonometric harmonic analysis (42C05)

Abstract: We consider the following discrete Sobolev inner product involving the Gegenbauer weight ${\displaystyle }$(f,g)_S:=int_{-1}^1f(x)g(x)(1-x^2)^{alpha}dx+M�ig[f^{(j)}(-1)g^{(j)}(-1)+f^{(j)}(1)g^{(j)}(1)�ig],${\displaystyle }$ where $alpha>-1,$ $jinmathbbNcup0,$ and $M>0.$ Let ${Q_n^{(alpha,M,j)}}_{ngeq0}$ be the sequence of orthogonal polynomials with respect to the above inner product. These polynomials are eigenfunctions of a differential operator $mathbfT.$ We establish the asymptotic behavior of the corresponding eigenvalues. Furthermore, we calculate the exact value ${\displaystyle }$r_0 = lim_{n ightarrow infty}frac{log left(max_{xin [-1,1]} |widetilde{Q}_n^{(alpha,M,j)}(x)| ight)}{log widetilde{lambda}_n},${\displaystyle }$ where ${widetilde{Q}_n^{(alpha,M,j)}}_{ngeq0}$ are the sequence of orthonormal polynomials with respect to this Sobolev inner product. This value $r_0$ is related to the convergence of a series in a left--definite space. Finally, we study the Mehler--Heine type asymptotics for ${Q_n^{(alpha,M,j)}}_{ngeq0}.$

Review text

The purpose of this article is to study Gegenbauer-Sobolev polynomials \(Q_{n}^{\alpha,M,j}(x)\), orthogonal with respect to a certain discrete Sobolev-type inner product. A certain special case of normalized Gegenbauer polynomials with parameter \(\alpha\) is considered. First, connection formulae and some asymptotic behaviors are found. Then, the asymptotic behavior of the eigenvalues of Gegenbauer-Sobolev polynomials is outlined. Let \(r_0\) be the least number such that for each \(r > r_ 0\) the kernel \( K (x, y; r )\) converges both absolutely and in a left-definite space. The authors find a value for \(r_0\) valid for certain values of the parameters, e.g. for \(\alpha \geq -\frac 12\). Finally, Mehler-Heine asymptotics are found. The proofs use Stolz's criterion. Remark: the name Sobolev orthonormal polynomials is used on several occasions.

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Cites work

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Cited in

(9)

• Strong asymptotics for Gegenbauer-Sobolev orthogonal polynomials
• Differential operators having Sobolev-type Gegenbauer polynomials as eigenfunctions
• Generalized trace formula for polynomials orthogonal in continuous-discrete Sobolev spaces
• On series of orthogonal polynomials and systems of classical type polynomials
• New representations of the Laguerre-Sobolev and Jacobi-Sobolev orthogonal polynomials
• Mehler-Heine type formulas for the Krawtchouk polynomials
• Classical Sobolev orthogonal polynomials: eigenvalue problem
• Asymptotic behavior of the eigenvalues in the context of Sobolev orthogonality
• An extremal problem for algebraic polynomials in the symmetric discrete Gegenbauer--Sobolev space

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