Differential operator for discrete Gegenbauer-Sobolev orthogonal polynomials: eigenvalues and asymptotics

Abstract: We consider the following discrete Sobolev inner product involving the Gegenbauer weight

(f,g)_S:=int_{-1}^1f(x)g(x)(1-x^2)^{alpha}dx+M�ig[f^{(j)}(-1)g^{(j)}(-1)+f^{(j)}(1)g^{(j)}(1)�ig],

where

a l p h a > - 1,

j i n m a t h b b N c u p 0,

and

M > 0.

Let

{Q_{n}^{(a l p h a, M, j)}}_{n g e q 0}

be the sequence of orthogonal polynomials with respect to the above inner product. These polynomials are eigenfunctions of a differential operator

m a t h b f T .

We establish the asymptotic behavior of the corresponding eigenvalues. Furthermore, we calculate the exact value

r_0 = lim_{n ightarrow infty}frac{log left(max_{xin [-1,1]} |widetilde{Q}_n^{(alpha,M,j)}(x)| ight)}{log widetilde{lambda}_n},

where

{w i d e t i l d e Q_{n}^{(a l p h a, M, j)}}_{n g e q 0}

are the sequence of orthonormal polynomials with respect to this Sobolev inner product. This value

r_{0}

is related to the convergence of a series in a left--definite space. Finally, we study the Mehler--Heine type asymptotics for

{Q_{n}^{(a l p h a, M, j)}}_{n g e q 0} .

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