Anchored expansion, percolation and speed. (With an appendix by Gábor Pete)

DOI10.1214/009117904000000586MaRDI QIDQ1769504zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Dayue Chen, Yuval Peres, Gábor Pete

Publication date 21 March 2005

Published in The Annals of Probability (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0303321

lamplighter groups percolation random stretching random walks speed

Probability theory on algebraic and topological structures (60B99) Sums of independent random variables; random walks (60G50) Interacting random processes; statistical mechanics type models; percolation theory (60K35) Processes in random environments (60K37)

Abstract: Benjamini, Lyons and Schramm [Random Walks and Discrete Potential Theory (1999) 56-84] considered properties of an infinite graph G, and the simple random walk on it, that are preserved by random perturbations. In this paper we solve several problems raised by those authors. The anchored expansion constant is a variant of the Cheeger constant; its positivity implies positive lower speed for the simple random walk, as shown by Virag [Geom. Funct. Anal. 10 (2000) 1588-1605]. We prove that if G has a positive anchored expansion constant, then so does every infinite cluster of independent percolation with parameter p sufficiently close to 1; a better estimate for the parameters p where this holds is in the Appendix. We also show that positivity of the anchored expansion constant is preserved under a random stretch if and only if the stretching law has an exponential tail. We then study a simple random walk in the infinite percolation cluster in Cayley graphs of certain amenable groups known as ``lamplighter groups. We prove that zero speed for a random walk on a lamplighter group implies zero speed for random walk on an infinite cluster, for any supercritical percolation parameter p. For p large enough, we also establish the converse.

Review text

The authors study probabilistic models on various random perturbations (such as e.g. obtained by random dilution or random stretching) of various, either amenable or nonamenable, graphs. In particular, they consider the speed of random walks and the positivity of a version of the Cheeger constant (the minimal asymptotic surface to volume ratio on the graph), called the anchored expansion constant. Such positivity implies a positive random walk speed as has been shown by Virag. Some sufficient conditions are provided, and a sharper one by G. Pete is included in an Appendix. The authors then prove a number of results in support of conjectures of Benjamini, Lyons and Schramm, e.g. that both positivity and nonpositivity of the speed of random walks is preserved under a regular class of such random perturbations. In particular, they show that on infinite percolation clusters of the Cayley graphs of lamplighter groups this occurs.

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