Wiener's theorem, the Radon-Nikodym theorem, and M_ 0(T)

Set functions and measures on topological groups or semigroups, Haar measures, invariant measures (28C10) Measures on groups and semigroups, etc. (43A05)

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Let M(\({\mathbb{T}})\) denote the space of complex measures on the \(\sigma\)- algebra B(\({\mathbb{T}})\) of Borel subsets of the circle \({\mathbb{T}}\). The paper is concerned with the orthogonality relation between \(\mu\in M({\mathbb{T}})\) and \(E\in B({\mathbb{T}})\) defined by \(| \mu | (E)=0\). For example, if \(M_ 0({\mathbb{T}}):=\{\mu \in M({\mathbb{T}}):\) \({\hat \mu}\) vanishes at infinity\(\}\), then \(M_ 0({\mathbb{T}})^{\perp \perp}=M_ 0({\mathbb{T}})\) [cf. the author, Bull. Am. Math. Soc., II. Ser. 10, 93-96 (1984; Zbl 0513.43006)]. Let \({\mathcal P}\) be the space of trigonometric polynomials on \({\mathbb{T}}\) and \(\sigma\in M({\mathbb{T}})\). Then \(L^{{\mathcal C}}(\sigma)\) denotes the closure of \({\mathcal P}.\sigma\) with respect to the norm topology \({\mathcal C}\) on M(\({\mathbb{T}})\). The question arises whether \(L^{{\mathcal C}}(\sigma)^{\perp \perp}=L^{{\mathcal C}}(\sigma)\). In view of the Radon-Nikodym theorem, this holds true if \({\mathcal C}\) is induced by the norm of total variation. Here the analogous question is investigated for the topologies PM and WN underlying the norms \(\| \mu \|_{PM}:=\sup_{n\in {\mathbb{Z}}}| {\hat \mu}(n)|\) and \(\| \mu \|_{WN}:=\sup_{N\geq 0}(1/(2N+1))\sum_{| n| \leq N}| {\hat \mu}(n)|^ 2)^{1/2}\) (motivated by Wiener's theorem), respectively. One should observe that \(M_ 0({\mathbb{T}})=L^{PM}(\lambda)\) where \(\lambda\) denotes the Lebesgue measure on \({\mathbb{T}}\).

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