A vanishing theorem concerning the Artin component of a rational surface singularity

Deformations of singularities (14B07) Global theory and resolution of singularities (algebro-geometric aspects) (14E15) Singularities of surfaces or higher-dimensional varieties (14J17)

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Let \(\tilde X\to X\) be the minimal resolution of a rational surface singularity. According to M. Artin, there is a corresponding blowing down map on base spaces of versal deformations \(\tilde S\to S\), whose image is an irreducible component \(S_{art}\) of the moduli space of X. Via theorems of J. Lipman and the third author, \(S_{art}\) is smooth and is the quotient of \(\tilde S\) by a product of Weyl groups. We prove here that this last result is equivalent to a cohomological vanishing theorem on \(\hat X,\) the rational double point resolution. Our method is to study the dual \((T^ 1_ X)^*\) of the tangent space to the deformations, and to prove the surjectivity of the map \((T^ 1_ X)^*\to (T^ 1_{\hat X})^*\). The kernel of this last map is computed explicitly in the case of a cyclic quotient singularity.

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