Solutions of elliptic equations with indefinite nonlinearities via Morse theory and linking

DOI10.1016/S0294-1449(16)30098-1MaRDI QIDQ1912017zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Stan Alama, Manuel del Pino

Publication date 25 November 1996

Published in Annales de l'Institut Henri Poincaré. Analyse Non Linéaire (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL http://www.numdam.org/item?id=AIHPC_1996__13_1_95_0, https://eudml.org/doc/78377

zbMATH Keywords

linkingMorse theorymultiple solutionssub-and supersolutions

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Nonlinear boundary value problems for linear elliptic equations (35J65) Abstract critical point theory (Morse theory, Lyusternik-Shnirel'man theory, etc.) in infinite-dimensional spaces (58E05) Variational principles in infinite-dimensional spaces (58E30)

Review text

The paper is concerned with the boundary value problem \[ - \Delta u= \lambda u+ h(x) f(u)\quad \text{in} \quad \Omega,\quad u= 0\quad \text{on} \quad \partial\Omega,\tag{\(*\)} \] where \(\Omega\) is a bounded domain in \(\mathbb R^N\), \(h\) changes sign in \(\Omega\), \(f(u)= o(u)\) as \(u\to 0\) and \(f\) is superlinear (but subcritical) as \(|u|\to \infty\). It is shown that, depending on the choice of \(\lambda\) (and some additional hypotheses), \((*)\) has at least one, three and five nontrivial solutions. The proofs use a combination of variational and Morse-theoretical arguments. In particular, in the last case two solutions are obtained as local minima of the associated functional (by the method of sub- and supersolutions), another two by the mountain pass theorem and the last one by computing the critical groups and employing the Morse inequalities. It is also shown, via a linking argument, that if \(\lambda\in (\lambda_1, \lambda_2)\) (\(\lambda_i\) are the eigenvalues of \(-\Delta\)), then \((*)\) has at least one nontrivial solution under a somewhat different (and weaker) set of hypotheses.

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Cited in

(45)

• Morse theory for indefinite nonlinear elliptic problems
• Multibump nodal solutions for an indefinite superlinear elliptic problem
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