On the stability of the tangent bundle of Fano manifolds

(3)-folds (14J30) Fano varieties (14J45) Vector bundles on surfaces and higher-dimensional varieties, and their moduli (14J60) Kähler-Einstein manifolds (32Q20)

Abstract: By using the classification of Fano 3-folds we prove: Let

X

be Fano 3-fold. Assume that the tangent bundle

T_{X}

of

X

is not stable (i.e. semi-stable or unstable). Then

b_{2} g e q 2

and a relative tangent sheaf

T_{X / Y}

of a contraction

f : X l o n g r i g h t a r r o w Y

of an extremal face on

X

is a destabilising subsheaf of

T_{X}

.

Review text

Let \(X\) be a Fano manifold, i.e. a smooth complex projective variety whose anticanonical bundle \(-K_X\) is ample. In dimension 2 it is known that the tangent bundle \(T_X\) is stable (in the sense of Mumford-Takemoto) with respect to \(-K_X\) unless \(X\) is \(\mathbb{P}^1 \times \mathbb{P}^1\) or \(\mathbb{P}^2\) blown-up at a point, in which cases the relative tangent bundle \(T_{X/ \mathbb{P}^1}\) of a ruling of \(X\) destablizes \(T_X\). The paper under review deals with the 3-dimensional case. When \(X\) is a Fano 3-fold with \(b_2(X)=1\) the author shows that \(T_X\) is always stable; when \(b_2(X) \geq 2\) he proved in his dissertation that among the 87 deformation types in the Mori-Mukai classification seven types have an unstable \(T_X\), twelve have a semistable (but not stable) \(T_X\), while for the remaining types \(T_X\) is stable. The paper does not contain the complete proof of this result but the plan of it and the discussion of some special significant cases. In particular it turns out that if \(X\) is a Fano 3-fold with \(b_2\geq 2\) and \(T_X\) is not stable with respect to \(-K_X\), then the relative tangent sheaf \(T_{X/Y}\) of a contraction \(f:X\to Y\) of an extremal face of \(X\) destabilizes \(T_X\). As the author observes, though the proof heavily relies on the classification, one may expect that this fact holds in every dimension.

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