Instantons and affine algebras. I: The Hilbert scheme and vertex operators

DOI10.4310/MRL.1996.V3.N2.A12MaRDI QIDQ1920892zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors I. Grojnowski

Publication date 16 November 1997

Published in Mathematical Research Letters (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/alg-geom/9506020

zbMATH Keywords

moduli spaceaffine Lie algebrasHilbert schemevertex operators

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Parametrization (Chow and Hilbert schemes) (14C05) Kac-Moody (super)algebras; extended affine Lie algebras; toroidal Lie algebras (17B67) Vertex operators; vertex operator algebras and related structures (17B69)

Abstract: This is the first in a series of papers which describe the action of an affine Lie algebra with central charge $n$ on the moduli space of $U(n)$-instantons on a four manifold $X$. This generalises work of Nakajima, who considered the case when $X$ is an ALE space. In particular, this describes the combinatorial complexity of the moduli space as being precisely that of representation theory, and thus will lead to a description of the Betti numbers of moduli space as dimensions of weight spaces. This Lie algebra acts on the space of conformal blocks (i.e., the cohomology of a determinant line bundle on the moduli space) generalising the ``insertion and ``deletion operations of conformal field theory, and indeed on any cohomology theory. In the particular case of $U(1)$-instantons, which is essentially the subject of this present paper, the construction produces the basic representation after Frenkel-Kac. Then the well known quadratic nature of $c{h}_2$, ${\displaystyle }$ch_2 = frac{1}{2} c_1cdot c_1 - c_2 ${\displaystyle }$ becomes precisely the formula for the eigenvalue of the degree operator, i.e. the well known quadratic behaviour of affine Lie algebras.

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