On the density of polyharmonic splines

DOI10.1016/J.JAT.2012.11.008MaRDI QIDQ1944309zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Thomas Hangelbroek, Jeremy Levesley

Publication date 5 April 2013

Published in Journal of Approximation Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1111.6578

zbMATH Keywords

boundary effectsdensitypolyharmonic splineradial basis functionthin plate spline

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Spline approximation (41A15)

Abstract: This article treats the question of fundamentality of the translates of a polyharmonic spline kernel (also known as a surface spline) in the space of continuous functions on a compact set $OmegasubsetR{R}^d$ when the translates are restricted to $Omega$. Fundamentality is not hard to demonstrate when a low degree polynomial may be added or when translates are permitted to lie outside of $Omega$; the challenge of this problem stems from the presence of the boundary, for which all successful approximation schemes require an added polynomial. When $Omega$ is the unit ball, we demonstrate that translates of polyharmonic splines are fundamental by considering two related problems: the fundamentality in the space of functions vanishing at the boundary and fundamentality of the restricted kernel in the space of continuous function on the sphere. This gives rise to a new approximation scheme composed of two parts: one which approximates purely on $partialOmega$, and a second part involving a shift invariant approximant of a function vanishing outside of a neighborhood $Omega$.

Review text

Let \(\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^d\) and \(|\cdot |\) denote the Euclidean norm on \(\mathbb{R}^d\). Let \(k> d/2\) and set \[ \phi_{d,k} (r) =\begin{cases} r^{2k-d}, & \text{\(d\) odd}\\ r^{2k-d}\log r, & \text{\(d\) even} \end{cases} \] for \(r\geq 0\). In this article, the authors consider the problem of density (fundamentality) of translates of the radial basis functions \(\phi_{d,k}(|\cdot -y|)\) (called polyharmonic splines) in \(C(\Omega)\), as \(y\) varies over a set \(Y\). This is a popular tool used to construct approximants on \(\mathbb{R}^d\). Density is not difficult to prove if one adds to the linear combination of translates a low degree polynomial, or when the set \(Y\) is larger than \(\Omega\). When \(\Omega = Y\) is the unit ball in \(R^d\), then density is proven. If \(\Omega = Y\) is any compact set in \(R^d\), then it is shown that the set of translates are dense in \(C_0(\Omega)\), i.e., the set of continuous functions on \(\Omega\) that vanish on the boundary of \(\Omega\).

Recommendations

• Polyharmonic approximation on the sphere
• On a Polyharmonic Dirichlet Problem and Boundary Effects in Surface Spline Approximation
• Local stability of translates of polyharmonic splines in even space dimension
• Approximation using scattered shifts of a multivariate function
• A bound on the approximation order of surface splines

Cited in

(6)

• The role of nonpolynomiality in uniform approximation by RBF networks of Hankel translates
• Local stability of translates of polyharmonic splines in even space dimension
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 733467 (Why is no real title available?)
• On a Polyharmonic Dirichlet Problem and Boundary Effects in Surface Spline Approximation
• Polyharmonic splines on grids $\mathbb{Z}\times a\mathbb{Z}^{n}$ and their limits
• On the construction of polyharmonic \(B\)-splines

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