Fast decreasing rational functions

DOI10.1007/BF02785573MaRDI QIDQ1968995zbMATH OpenFDO

Publication date 18 March 2001

Published in Israel Journal of Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02785573

Inequalities involving other types of functions (26D07) Potentials and capacity, harmonic measure, extremal length and related notions in two dimensions (31A15) Approximation by rational functions (41A20)

Review text

In this very interesting paper, the authors establish necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of rational functions with a given rate of decay. They thereby extend to rational functions, a topic studied for polynomials by researchers such as V. Totik and K. Ivanov. They also apply their results to rational approximation of of \(|x|\). We formulate an attractive special case of their results. Let \(\varphi:[0,1]\to [0,\infty)\) be increasing, continuous, concave and have \(\varphi(0)=0\). Then there exist rational functions \(r_n(z)(x)= P_n(x)\) (with \(P_n\) a polynomial of degree \(\leq n)\), satisfying \[ |r_n(x)|\leq\exp \bigl(o(n))- n\varphi(x) \bigr),\;x \in [0,1],\;n\geq 1, \] if \[ {2\over \pi^2}\int^1_0 \varphi(x) {dx\over x\sqrt {1-x^2}}\leq 1. \] They also show that strict inequality in this last inequality allows us to replace \(\exp(o(n))\), which is uniform in \(x\), by a constant independent of \(n\), under some mild additional conditions on \(\varphi\). The paper is well written and the proofs are clear and interesting. Much use is made of Green potentials and potential theory with external fields. The paper is essential reading for those interested in rational approximation, potential theory, extremal problems,\dots.

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