Infrared effects in the late stages of black hole evaporation

DOI10.1007/JHEP07(2021)137zbMATH Open1468.83021arXiv2102.13629OpenAlexW3185475904MaRDI QIDQ1981507FDOQ1981507

Authors: Éanna É. Flanagan 

Publication date: 3 September 2021

Published in: Journal of High Energy Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: As a black hole evaporates, each outgoing Hawking quantum carries away some of the black holes asymptotic charges associated with the extended Bondi-Metzner-Sachs group. These include the Poincar'e charges of energy, linear momentum, intrinsic angular momentum, and orbital angular momentum or center-of-mass charge, as well as extensions of these quantities associated with supertranslations and super-Lorentz transformations, namely supermomentum, superspin and super center-of-mass charges (also known as soft hair). Since each emitted quantum has fluctuations that are of order unity, fluctuations in the black hole's charges grow over the course of the evaporation. We estimate the scale of these fluctuations using a simple model. The results are, in Planck units: (i) The black hole position has a uncertainty of $sim{M}_i^2$ at late times, where $M_i$ is the initial mass (previously found by Page). (ii) The black hole mass $M$ has an uncertainty of order the mass $M$ itself at the epoch when $Msim{M}_i^{2/3}$, well before the Planck scale is reached. Correspondingly, the time at which the evaporation ends has an uncertainty of order $sim{M}_i^2$. (iii) The supermomentum and superspin charges are not independent but are determined from the Poincare charges and the super center-of-mass charges. (iv) The supertranslation that characterizes the super center-of-mass charges has fluctuations at multipole orders $l$ of order unity that that are of order unity in Planck units. At large $l$, there is a power law spectrum of fluctuations that extends up to $lsim{M}_i^2/M$, beyond which the fluctuations fall off exponentially, with corresponding total rms shear tensor fluctuations $sim{M}_i{M}^{-3/2}$.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.13629

Recommendations

• Evaporating black holes and long range scaling
• A linear approximation to black hole evaporation
• Fluctuations of an evaporating black hole from back reaction of its Hawking radiation: questioning a premise in earlier work
• Dynamical evaporation of quantum horizons
• Evaporation of (quantum) black holes and energy conservation

zbMATH Keywords

black holesmodels of quantum gravity

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Finite-dimensional groups and algebras motivated by physics and their representations (81R05) Methods of quantum field theory in general relativity and gravitational theory (83C47) Black holes (83C57)

Cites Work

• Gravitational waves in general relativity, VII. Waves from axi-symmetric isolated system
• A covariant entropy conjecture
• BMS charge algebra
• Aspects of the BMS/CFT correspondence
• BMS supertranslations and Weinberg's soft graviton theorem
• On BMS invariance of gravitational scattering
• Holographic derivation of entanglement entropy from the anti-de Sitter space/conformal field theory correspondence
• Gravitational waves in general relativity VIII. Waves in asymptotically flat space-time
• General definition of “conserved quantities” in general relativity and other theories of gravity
• What Exactly is the Information Paradox?
• Title not available (Why is that?)
• Asymptotic Symmetries in Gravitational Theory
• Superrotation charge and supertranslation hair on black holes
• Extensions of the asymptotic symmetry algebra of general relativity
• Black hole statistics
• Extended symmetries at the black hole horizon
• Angular momentum at null infinity
• Gravitational memory, BMS supertranslations and soft theorems
• New symmetries for the gravitational S-matrix
• Lectures on the Infrared Structure of Gravity and Gauge Theory
• Horizon supertranslation and degenerate black hole solutions
• New gravitational memories
• Horizon shells and BMS-like soldering transformations
• On the membrane paradigm and spontaneous breaking of horizon BMS symmetries
• Symmetries and charges of general relativity at null boundaries
• The Page curve of Hawking radiation from semiclassical geometry
• The entropy of bulk quantum fields and the entanglement wedge of an evaporating black hole
• Replica wormholes and the entropy of Hawking radiation
• Erratum to: Superboost transitions, refraction memory and super-Lorentz charge algebra
• Near-horizon BMS symmetries as fluid symmetries
• Entanglement wedge reconstruction and the information paradox
• The Λ-BMS₄ group of dS₄ and new boundary conditions for AdS₄
• Title not available (Why is that?)
• Fluctuations of an evaporating black hole from back reaction of its Hawking radiation: questioning a premise in earlier work
• The Poincaré and BMS flux-balance laws with application to binary systems

Cited In (2)

• Fully nonlinear transformations of the Weyl-Bondi-Metzner-Sachs asymptotic symmetry group
• Brown-York charges at null boundaries

This page was built for publication: Infrared effects in the late stages of black hole evaporation

Report a bug (only for logged in users!)Click here to report a bug for this page (MaRDI item Q1981507)