A matrixwise approach to unexpected hypersurfaces

Abstract: The aim of this note is to give a generalization of some results concerning unexpected hypersurfaces. Unexpected hypersurfaces occur when the actual dimension of the space of forms satisfying certain vanishing data is positive and the imposed vanishing conditions are not independent. The first instance studied were unexpected curves in the paper by Cook II, Harbourne, Migliore, Nagel. Unexpected hypersurfaces were then investigated by Bauer, Malara, Szpond and Szemberg, followed by Harbourne, Migliore, Nagel and Teitler who introduced the notion of BMSS duality and showed it holds in some cases (such as certain plane curves and, in higher dimensions, for certain cones). They ask to what extent such a duality holds in general. In this paper, working over a field of characteristic zero, we study hypersurfaces in

m a t h b b P^{n} i m e s m a t h b b P^{n}

defined by determinants. We apply our results to unexpected hypersurfacesin the case that the actual dimension is 1 (i.e., there is a unique unexpected hypersurface). In this case, we show that a version of BMSS duality always holds, as a consequence of fundamental properties of determinants.

Review text

Let \(Z\) be a set of points in \(\mathbb{P}^{n}:=\mathbb{P}^{n}_{\mathbb{F}}\), where \(\mathbb{F}\) is a field of characteristic zero, such that \(Z\) and a general point \(B=(a_{0},\dots,a_{n})\) with multiplicity \(m\) impose independent conditions on forms of degree \(d\) with the affine dimension of the system of forms of degree \(d\) vanishing on \(Z\) and on \(mB\) being \(1\). The equation of the hypersurface is a determinant \(F\) of a suitable constructed interpolation matrix \(M\) involving two groups of coordinates, namely \((a_{0},\dots, a_{n})\) and \((x_{0},\dots, x_{n})\). One can show that if \(F\) is not identically zero, it is a bi-homogeneous polynomial of bidegree \(\bigg( \binom{m+n-1}{n}(d-m+1),d\bigg)\) and so defines a variety in \(\mathbb{P}^{n} \times \mathbb{P}^{n}\) with two natural projections. The authors in the paper under review study the properties of this variety and they show, in particular, that the fiber over a fixed point \(S\) defined by the equation \(F(a_{0}, \dots,a_{n},S)=0\) is a hypersurface in \(\mathbb{P}^{n}\) defined by a form of degree \(\binom{m+n-1}{n}(d-m+1)\) which vanishes at both \(Z\) and \(S\) with multiplicity at least \(m\). Then the authors also show that the fiber over a given point \(B \in \mathbb{P}^{n}\) defined by \(F(B,\cdot)=0\) has the same tangent cone at \(S=B\) as does \(F(a_{0},\dots, a_{n},S)=0\) since \(F(\cdot,S)\) and \(F(B,\cdot)\) have the same partial derivatives of order \(m\) at \(S=B\). The last result is related to the so-called BMSS duality which is the main motivation standing behind this paper.

Recommendations

Cites work

Cited in

(10)

This page was built for publication: A matrixwise approach to unexpected hypersurfaces

Report a bug (only for logged in users!)Click here to report a bug for this page (MaRDI item Q1987010)