A matrixwise approach to unexpected hypersurfaces (Q1987010)

Let \(Z\) be a set of points in \(\mathbb{P}^{n}:=\mathbb{P}^{n}_{\mathbb{F}}\), where \(\mathbb{F}\) is a field of characteristic zero, such that \(Z\) and a general point \(B=(a_{0},\dots,a_{n})\) with multiplicity \(m\) impose independent conditions on forms of degree \(d\) with the affine dimension of the system of forms of degree \(d\) vanishing on \(Z\) and on \(mB\) being \(1\). The equation of the hypersurface is a determinant \(F\) of a suitable constructed interpolation matrix \(M\) involving two groups of coordinates, namely \((a_{0},\dots, a_{n})\) and \((x_{0},\dots, x_{n})\). One can show that if \(F\) is not identically zero, it is a bi-homogeneous polynomial of bidegree \(\bigg( \binom{m+n-1}{n}(d-m+1),d\bigg)\) and so defines a variety in \(\mathbb{P}^{n} \times \mathbb{P}^{n}\) with two natural projections. The authors in the paper under review study the properties of this variety and they show, in particular, that the fiber over a fixed point \(S\) defined by the equation \(F(a_{0}, \dots,a_{n},S)=0\) is a hypersurface in \(\mathbb{P}^{n}\) defined by a form of degree \(\binom{m+n-1}{n}(d-m+1)\) which vanishes at both \(Z\) and \(S\) with multiplicity at least \(m\). Then the authors also show that the fiber over a given point \(B \in \mathbb{P}^{n}\) defined by \(F(B,\cdot)=0\) has the same tangent cone at \(S=B\) as does \(F(a_{0},\dots, a_{n},S)=0\) since \(F(\cdot,S)\) and \(F(B,\cdot)\) have the same partial derivatives of order \(m\) at \(S=B\). The last result is related to the so-called BMSS duality which is the main motivation standing behind this paper.