New constructions of unexpected hypersurfaces in \(\mathbb{P}^n\) (Q2228334)

This paper adds to the research started recently by some of the authors and others concerning the so called \(\textit{unexpected}\) varieties. This concept correspond to the following: Let \(Z\subset {\mathbb{P}^n}\) be a scheme and let \(X=\sum_i{m_i\lambda_i}\) where \(\lambda_i \subset \mathbb{P}^n\), \(1\le i \le r\), are general linear varieties of dimension \(\delta_i\) which are disjoint from \(Z\) and where each \(m_i\) is an integer. We say that \((n, X, Z, t)\) is \textit{unexpected} if vanishing on \(X\) imposes on \([I_Z]_t\) (forms of degree \(t\) in \(I_Z\)) fewer than the expected number of conditions. The authors of this paper obtain three ways to produce unexpected varieties that expand on the knowledge on this type of varieties. One way is the use of cones on positive dimensional varieties of codimension or more. It is proved that almost always give unexpected hypersurfaces. For non cones, the authors improve previous results coming from finite sets of points and they construct unexpected surfaces coming from lines in \(\mathbb{P}^3\). Finally, they generalize the construction, using birational transformations (Veneroni transformations) to obtain unexpected hypersurfaces in higher dimensions.